石墨烯具有良好的力学性能、导电导热和耐腐蚀性能,大部分纯金属只有在某些方面有着单一的良好性能,而不具备多维度的优良材料性能,金属基复合材料可以弥补纯金属在单一方面性能的不足,具有比单一基体更优异的性能;石墨烯/金属基复合材料(Gr-MMC)在航空航天、汽车、电子和军事领域有着广泛的应用。详细介绍了微观层面金属基表面沉积石墨烯的机理,在不同的金属表面石墨烯会表现出不同的行为,其中铜、钌、铱、镍是比较有代表性的几种金属,通过研究在不同金属上的沉积机理能够更好地从微观层面指导金属基复合材料的制备;金属基石墨烯复合材料的制备工艺针对不同的金属大致可以分为液相法、固相法和沉积处理,对于每种工艺方法的特点和不足也有所提及。
Graphene has great mechanical properties,electrical conductivity,thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance.Most pure metals only have a single good performance in some aspects,but do not have multi-dimensional excellent material properties.Metal-based composites can make up for the shortcomings of pure metals in a single performance,and have better performance than a single matrix.Graphene/metal-based composites (Gr-MMC) are widely used in aerospace,automotive,electronics and military fields.In this paper,the mechanism of graphene deposition on the surface of metal matrix at the micro level was introduced in detail,and graphene exhibited different behaviors on different metal surfaces,among which copper,ruthenium,iridium and nickel were relatively representative metals.Studying the deposition mechanism on different metals could better guide the preparation of metal matrix composites at the micro level.The preparation processes of metal cornerstone graphene composites were summarized,which could be roughly divided into liquid phase method,solid phase method and deposition treatment according to different metals.The characteristics and shortcomings of each process method were also discussed.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(51201107);上海市科委基础研究重点项目(10JC1411800)
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