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摘要
采用微波法,以蔗渣和膨润土为基质,与丙烯酸(AA)和丙烯酰胺(AM)共聚合成甘蔗渣/膨润土复合高吸水性树脂(B/BCSAR)。选取辐射时间、膨润土用量、AM/AA(质量比)及中和度四个因素,利用正交试验得到树脂的最佳制备条件,即AM/AA=0.5,中和度为60%,膨润土用量为6%,辐射时间为3min时,产品的吸水倍数和吸盐水倍数最大,分别为402.65g/g和86.14g/g。通过对B/BCSAR性能研究,结果表明,B/BCSAR吸附速率先快后慢,8h时吸水倍数最大,达到吸附平衡,且保水能力良好,有一定的机械强度,耐热耐寒及耐光照性能良好。B/BCSAR应用实验结果表明,作为土壤掺杂剂,当B/BCSAR的掺杂量为4g时,应用效果最好,发芽率达到80%,平均茎长为6.13cm;作为种子包衣剂,当包衣比为1:30时,应用效果最好,发芽率为100%,平均茎长为7.58cm。二者相比,后者对植物发芽及前期生长更有利。
Abstract
In this paper,bagasse and bentonite were used as raw materials to copolymerize with acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AM) to synthesize bagasse/bentonite composite superabsorbent resin (B/BCSAR) by microwave method.Four factors,radiation time,bentonite dosage,AM/AA and neutralization degree,were selected,and the optimum conditions for the preparation of resin were obtained by using orthogonal experiments,that is,AM/AA=0.5,neutralization degree=60%,bentonite dosage=6%,and radiation time=3min.Under these conditions,the water absorption rate and salt absorption rate were maximized,reaching 402.65g/g and 86.14g/g,respectively.The performance study of B/BCSAR showed that the adsorption rate of B/BCSAR was fast first and then slow,and the water absorption rate was the largest at 8h,reaching the adsorption equilibrium.It had good water retention ability,a certain mechanical strength,excellent heat resistance and cold resistance as well as light resistance.The results of application experiment of B/BCSAR revealed that,as a soil doping agent,when the amount of B/BCSAR was 4g,the germination rate was 80% and the average stem length was 6.13cm.As a soil doping agent,when the coating ratio was 1:30,the germination rate was 100% and the average stem length was 7.58cm,achieving the best application effect.In comparison,the latter was more favorable for plant germination and early-stage growth.
关键词
微波法
/
高吸水性树脂
/
蔗渣
/
膨润土
Key words
microwave method
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super absorbent resin
/
bagasse
/
bentonite
甘蔗渣/膨润土基复合高吸水性树脂性能及应用研究[J].
化工新型材料, 2024, 52(2): 166-169 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2024.02.011
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基金资助
四川省高校重点实验室项目(2021-FTGC-YB-13;SC＿FQWLY-2021-Y-04);攀枝花市级重点项目(2020CY-S-2)
