为了拓宽发泡木塑复合材料(FWPC)的功能性,以沙柳木粉、高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD)为主要原料,纳米炭黑(Nano-CB)为导电填料,聚磷酸铵(APP)和硼酸锌(ZB)作为阻燃剂和抑烟成分进行复配,采用发泡工艺和模压法制备阻燃抗静电型发泡木塑复合材料。研究APP/ZB协效阻燃剂质量比对FWPC力学性能、阻燃抑烟性能及热稳定性能的影响。结果表明:当APP/ZB总加入量为20%,质量比为4∶1时,FWPC的各项性能相对较优,静曲强度、弹性模量、拉伸强度和冲击强度分别为30.11MPa、2636MPa、14.65MPa和3.72kJ/m2,氧指数达27.3%,属难燃级别;与单独加APP时相比,力学性能降低,烟释放速总量降低11.93%,CO产率峰值和平均CO产率分别降低80.6%和49.3%,总失重率从63.53%降至61.42%,热稳定性能提高;FWPC燃烧后炭层表面凹凸不平,复合材料的阻燃和抑烟性能得到提升。
In order to broaden the functionality of foamed wood-plastic composites (FWPC),with Salix wood powder and high-density polyethylene (PE-HD) as main raw materials,nano-carbon black (Nano-CB) as conductive filler,ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and zinc borate (ZB) as flame retardant and smoke suppressant,flame-retardant and antistatic foamed wood-plastic composites were prepared by foaming process and molding method.The influence of the mass ratio of APP/ZB synergistic flame retardant on the mechanical properties,flame retardancy,smoke suppression and thermal stability of FWPC was studied.The results showed that when the total content of APP/ZB was 20% and the mass ratio was 4∶1,FWPC had good performance,and the static bending strength,elastic modulus,tensile strength and impact strength were 30.11MPa,2636MPa,14.65MPa and 3.72kJ/m2,respectively.The oxygen index reached 27.3%,indicating a flame-retardant level.Compared with the addition of APP alone,the mechanical properties were reduced,the total smoke release rate decreased by 11.93%,the peak and average CO yield decreased by 80.6% and 49.3%,respectively,the total weight loss rate decreased from 63.53% to 61.42%,and the thermal stability was improved.After FWPC combustion,the surface of the carbon layer was uneven,and the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of the composites were enhanced.
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基金资助
内蒙古自然科学基金面上项目(2022MS03043);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0075);国家自然科学基金地区项目(31660177)
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