以丙烯酸为单体,过硫酸钾、亚硫酸氢钠为氧化还原引发剂,与聚乙烯醇共混,采用溶液聚合法制备了丙烯酸高聚物溶液,浸轧丙纶热熔无纺布织物,经烘干得到超吸水织物,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、同步热分析仪对超吸水织物的结构、形貌和热性能进行分析,考察了聚合反应水浴温度、丙烯酸中和度、聚乙烯醇添加量、带液率对吸水倍率的影响,并对吸水机理进行探讨。结果表明:在聚合反应水浴温度为75℃,丙烯酸中和度75%,聚乙烯醇添加量(对单体)为5%(质量分数),带液率为500%,烘干温度为120℃条件下,制备的超吸水织物吸蒸馏水倍率为109.82g/g。

Acrylic acid as monomer,potassium persulfate and sodium bisulfite as redox initiators were blended with polyvinyl alcohol to prepare copolymer solution by solution polymerization,and polypropylene hot melt non-woven fabrics were dip-rolled with the copolymer solution and dried to obtain superabsorbent fabric.The structure,morphology and thermal properties of the superabsorbent fabrics were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,field emission scanning electron microscope and synchronous thermal analyzer.The effects of polymerization water bath temperature,neutrality of acrylic acid,polyvinyl alcohol dosage and liquid carrying rate on liquid absorption were investigated,and the mechanism of water absorption was discussed.The results showed that under the conditions of polymerization water bath temperature of 75℃,neutrality of acrylic acid of 75%,polyvinyl alcohol dosage (for monomer) of 5%(mass fraction),liquid carrying rate 500%,and drying temperature 120℃,the prepared superabsorbent fabric had a water absorption rate of 109.82g/g for distilled water.