植物纤维属于植物的厚壁组织,植物纤维的利用对我国减少碳排放,实现碳中和目标具有重要意义。植物纤维是一种具备高长径比,能够自交织成型的生物质材料,将其加工成纤维制品,可以减轻对石油基等不可再生资源的依赖。重点介绍了化学拆解、物理拆解和生物拆解获得不同尺度植物纤维的机理、优缺点,并且对拆解后不同尺度的植物纤维所需的成型工艺和发展趋势进行了综述。未来需要在木质素高效拆解的基础上,开发不同尺度纤维的高效成型技术,使预处理和成型工艺更加低碳环保,提高植物纤维制品的应用效果和使用性能。
Plant fiber belongs to the thick-walled tissue of plants.The utilization of plant fiber is of great significance to reduce carbon emissions and achieve the goal of carbon neutrality in China.Plant fiber is a biomaterial with a high aspect ratio,and is capable of self-interwoven molding.Processing them into fiber products can reduce the dependence on non-renewable petroleum-based resources.This review focused on the mechanisms,advantages,disadvantages of plant fibers with different sizes obtained from chemical disassembly,physical disassembly and biological disassembly.In addition,the required molding process and development trend for obtained plant fibers of different scales after disassembly were reviewed.In the future,it is necessary to disassemble lignin by effective ways and develop more efficient molding technologies for plant fibers with different size,so as to make the pretreatment and molding processes more low-carbon and environmentally friendly and improve the application effect and usage performance of plant fiber products.
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基金资助
江苏省农业科学院探索性颠覆性创新计划项目(ZX(21)1221);江苏省研究生实践创新计划项目(SJCX23-2074);江苏省重点研发项目(BE2020335)
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