通过现有文献的研究总结了生物质基的制备方法, 主要通过物理改性方法制备出生物质基三维多孔碳载体、生物质气凝胶等封装相变材料防止泄露;通过高分子聚合、静电纺丝等化学制备法实现对相变材料的封装。针对复合相变材料导热性能差提出多孔材料吸附、微胶囊化、添加导热材料等方法以提高导热性能。对比了以无机多孔材料为载体和以生物质多孔基为载体的不同复合材料的导热系数, 分析两种载体的优缺点。同时指出多元混合相变材料与生物质微胶囊化的研究方向, 且目前在生物质基的基础上添加高导热材料的研究相对较少, 对此不足之处进行探究, 在未来可以制备出性能更佳的复合材料应用于更多领域。
This paper summarized the preparation methods of biomass based materials through the research of existing literature.Biomass based three-dimensional porous carbon carriers were mainly prepared by physical modification.Encapsulation of phase change materials such as biomass aerogels to prevent leakage was also obtained.The packaging of phase change materials was realized by chemical preparation methods such as polymer polymerization and electrospinning.Aiming at the poor thermal conductivity of composite phase change materials, porous material adsorption, microencapsulation and adding thermal conductive materials were proposed to improve the thermal conductivity.The thermal conductivity of different composites with inorganic porous materials as carrier and biomass porous matrix as carrier were compared.The advantages and disadvantages of the two carriers were analyzed.At the same time, the research direction of multicomponent mixed phase change materials and biomass microencapsulation was pointed out.At present, there are relatively few studies on adding high thermal conductivity materials on the basis of biomass, and this deficiency needs to be further explored so that composites with better performance can be prepared and applied in more fields in the future.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(51966004);江西省自然科学基金项目(20212BAB204029);江西理工大学清江青年优秀人才项目(JXUSTQJYX2017003)
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