以三聚氯氰(CNC)、三羟甲基氨基甲烷(TRIS)和二乙烯三胺为原料合成了一种新型多羟基三嗪基炭化剂(TTDC)。采用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、固体核磁共振(13C-NMR)、元素分析和热重分析(TG/DTG)测试对TTDC的化学结构和热性能进行了分析。通过熔融共混的方法将聚磷酸铵(APP)、TTDC和二氧化硅(SiO2)加入聚丙烯(PP)中制备PP复合材料。通过极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧(UL-94)、TG/DTG和锥形量热(CCT)测试研究了PP复合材料的阻燃性能和热稳定性,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)和拉曼光谱对残炭的表面形貌和结构进行了研究。结果表明:APP和TTDC具有良好的协同阻燃作用,PP、APP、TTDC和SiO2比例为75∶16∶8∶1时,阻燃效果最佳,PP复合材料的LOI值为32.8%,达到UL-94 V-0级,800℃残炭量达到8.12%,热释放率峰值从纯PP的846.46kW/m2下降到236.61kW/m2。通过燃烧行为、残炭形貌和力学性能的综合分析,表明TTDC是一种高效的炭化剂。
A novel polyhydroxy triazine-based charring agent (TTDC) was synthesized using cyanuric chloride (CNC),trimethylolaminomethane (TRIS) and diethylenetriamine as raw materials.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR),elemental analysis,and thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) were used to analyze the chemical structure and thermal properties of TTDC.PP composites were prepared via melt blending by adding ammonium polyphosphate (APP),TTDC,silicon dioxide (SiO2) into polypropylene (PP).The flame retardancy and thermal stability of PP composites were studied through limiting oxygen index (LOI),vertical combustion (UL-94),thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) and cone calorimeter test (CCT).The surface morphology and structure of carbon residue were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy.The results showed that APP and TTDC had a good synergistic flame-retardant effect.When the ratio of PP,APP,TTDC and SiO2 was 75∶16∶8∶1,the flame-retardant effect was the best,and the LOI value of PP composites was 32.8%,the UL-94 reached V-0 level,and the residual carbon content at 800°C reached 8.12%.The peak heat release rate dropped from 846.46kW/m2 of pure PP to 236.61kW/m2.Through comprehensive analysis of combustion performance,residual carbon morphology and mechanical properties,it was found that TTDC was an efficient charring agent.
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基金资助
湖北三峡实验室开放基金(SK213008);绿色化学过程教育部重点实验室创新基金(GCXP202109)
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