采用手工铺料法制备了水性无机硅树脂/玄武岩纤维中空织物复合材料,在其表面涂覆防火涂料,三次固化制备出防火玄武岩纤维中空织物复合材料。采用电子万能试验机、氧-乙炔烧蚀试验机、热重分析仪表征了复合材料的力学性能、阻燃性能和耐高温性能。详细考察了防火涂料用量和固化工艺对复合材料力学性能和阻燃性能的影响,研究了材料的结构和耐高温性能。结果表明:防火涂料用量为14.5%,第一次固化温度80℃/固化时间5h,第二次固化温度120℃/固化时间4h,第三次固化温度120℃/固化时间1.5h,在上述固化工艺条件下复合材料的力学性能和耐烧蚀性能较好;其拉伸强度、弯曲强度、质量烧蚀率分别为34.97MPa、60.36MPa、61mg/s;复合材料热失重15%的温度为683.9℃;防火涂料的涂覆有助于提升复合材料的耐高温性能。
The water-based inorganic silicone resin/basalt fiber hollow fabric composite material was prepared by manual laying method.The surface of the composite material was coated with fire-resistant coating,and then was cured for three times to prepare the fire-resistant basalt fiber hollow fabric composite materials.The electronic universal testing machine,oxygen-acetylene ablation testing machine and thermogravimetric analyzer were used to characterize the mechanical properties,flame retardant properties,microscopic morphology and high temperature resistance of the composite materials.The effects of the amount of fire-resistant coating and curing process on the mechanical properties and flame-retardant properties of composite materials were investigated in detail,and the structure and high temperature resistance of the materials were studied.The results showed that,when the amount of fire-proof coating was 14.5%,the first curing temperature was 80℃/curing time 5h,the second curing temperature was 120℃/curing time 4h,the third curing temperature was 120℃/curing time 1.5h,the mechanical property and ablation resistance of the composite materials were better under the above-mentioned curing process condition;The tensile strength,flexural strength,and mass ablation rate were 34.97MPa,60.36MPa,61mg/s,respectively;The temperature at which the composite material lost 15% of its thermal weight was 683.9℃;The application of high temperature resistant coating helped to improve the high temperature resistance of composite materials.
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