以沙柳纤维为原料,通过磷酸氢二铵活化制备沙柳纤维状活性炭(沙柳ACF),按特定比例与聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)混合制备亲油疏水型沙柳纤维状活性炭(ACFPDMS)材料,利用单因素实验对制备工艺进行优化,研究了PDMS溶液质量分数、浸渍比、浸渍时间对ACFPDMS接触角、油水分离率的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、界面张力测定仪分别测定了ACFPDMS的表面形貌、官能团、晶体结构及接触角并分析其疏水性能。结果表明:在PDMS溶液质量分数为45%、浸渍比为1∶2.5、浸渍时间为12h条件下ACFPDMS疏水效果最好,接触角可达152.4°;在PDMS溶液质量分数为45%,浸渍比为1∶2,浸渍时间为12h时,ACFPDMS的油水分离率达89.4%,分离效果明显。
Salix psammophila fiber was used as raw material to obtain Salix psammophila fibrous activated carbon (Salix psammophila ACF) by activation with diammonium hydrogen phosphate.The oleophilic and hydrophobic Salix psammophila activated carbon (ACFPDMS) was prepared by mixing Salix psammophila ACF with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) in a specific ratio.The preparation process was optimized by single factor experiment.The effects of PDMS concentration,impregnation ratio and impregnation time on the contact angle and oil-water separation rate of ACFPDMS were studied.The surface morphology,functional groups,crystal structure and contact angle of ACFPDMS were measured by scanning electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,X-ray diffractometer and interfacial tension tester,and their hydrophobic properties were analyzed.The results showed that the hydrophobic effect of ACFPDMS was the best when the mass fraction of PDMS was 45%,impregnation ratio was 1∶2.5 and impregnation time was 12h,and the contact angle reached 152.4°.When the concentration of PDMS solution was 45%,impregnation ratio was 1∶2 and impregnation time was 12h,the oil-water separation rate of ACFPDMS reached 89.4%,and the separation effect was obvious.
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基金资助
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2017MS0358)
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