以不同孔隙密度泡沫陶瓷作为复合材料骨架,选用聚氨酯作为基底材料填充进泡沫陶瓷,制备出泡沫陶瓷-聚氨酯复合材料。通过分析复合材料的微观形貌,以及对材料的压缩和冲击性能进行测试分析,研究了不同孔隙密度泡沫陶瓷对复合材料压缩性能及冲击性能的影响。结果表明:加入泡沫陶瓷后的复合材料界面结合紧密,性能得到提高。当泡沫陶瓷的孔径密度为40ppi时,复合材料压缩强度得到了极大提高,达到了16.52MPa,相比较纯PU,压缩强度提高了84.2%,复合材料压缩强度达到最大。但复合材料的抗冲击性能与泡沫陶瓷孔隙密度成反比,泡沫陶瓷孔隙密度越低,材料抗冲击性能越好,20ppi泡沫陶瓷聚氨酯复合材料冲击能量为66.25J,与纯聚氨酯相比,冲击能量提高了367.2%,性能得到明显增长,表现出良好的力学性能,可在建材领域加以利用。
The foam ceramics with different pore densities were used as the composite skeleton,and polyurethane was used as the substrate material to fill into the foam ceramics to prepare foam ceramic-polyurethane composite material.Through analyzing the micro morphology of the composite materials and testing their compression and impact properties,the influence of different pore density foam ceramics on the compression and impact properties of composite materials were studied.It was found that the interface bonding of the composites with the addition of foam ceramics was tight and the properties were improved.When the pore size density of ceramic foam was 40ppi,the compressive strength of the composite material was greatly improved and reached 16.52MPa,which was 84.2% higher than that of pure PU,and the compressive strength of the composite achieved the maximum.However,the impact resistance of the composites was inversely proportional to the pore density of ceramic foam.The lower the pore density of ceramic foam,the better the impact resistance of the materials.The impact energy of 20ppi foam ceramic polyurethane composite was 66.25J,which increased by 367.2% compared with pure polyurethane,proving that the performance was significantly enhanced.The composites had good mechanical properties and could be used in the field of building materials.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金面上项目(500200137);国家重点研发计划(500190028)
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