分别采用十二烷基苯磺酸钠/聚乙烯醇(SDBS/PVA)、吐温20和辛基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)3种不同的乳化剂,通过原位聚合法制备了以硬脂酸十二烷基酯(DS)相变材料为核、三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛树脂(MUF)为壳的相变微胶囊。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、差式扫描量热仪(DSC)和热重分析仪(TG)对微胶囊的表面形貌、化学结构、相变性能和热稳定性进行了表征。结果表明,所得相变微胶囊呈圆球形,表面较为粗糙;与SDBS/PVA复配乳化剂相比,以非离子型乳化剂吐温20和OP-10制备的相变微胶囊粒径较小;当采用吐温20为乳化剂时,所得微胶囊具有良好的储热能力,熔融焓高达139.2J/g,囊芯含量为69.5%;由于DS本身的蒸发温度较高加上进一步的封装,所制备的相变微胶囊表现出良好的热稳定性,其耐热温度可达250℃。
Phase change microcapsules with dodecyl stearate (DS) as the core and melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin (MUF) as the shell were successfully prepared by in situ polymerization respectively in the aqueous solutions of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate polyvinyl alcohol ((SDBS/PVA),Tween 20 and octylphenolpolyoxyethyleneether (OP-10).The surface morphology,chemical structure,phase change properties and thermal stability of the microcapsules were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG).The results showed that the obtained phase change microcapsules were spherical with a rough surface.Compared with the SDBS/PVA compound emulsifier,the microcapsules fabricated with non-ionic emulsifiers Tween 20 or OP-10 had smaller particle sizes.When Tween 20 was used as the emulsifier,the resulting microcapsules had good heat storage capacity with a high melting enthalpy of 139.2J/g and a core content of 69.5%.Owing to the high evaporation temperature of DS itself and further encapsulation,the prepared phase change microcapsules showed higher thermal stability with a heat resistance temperature of up to 250℃.
[1] Irfan L M,Jilte R.A review on phase change materials for different applications[J].Materials Today:Proceedings,2021,46(20):10980-10986.
[2] 方桂花,刘殿贺,张伟,等.复合太阳能供暖系统中相变材料的研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2020,48(11):10-14,19.
[3] Al-Hallaj S,Selman J.A novel thermal management system for electric vehicle batteries using phase-change material[J].Journal of The Electrochemical Society,2000,147(9):3231-3236.
[4] 时浩,刘红敏,钱嘉鑫,等.相变材料在建筑节能中的研究进展[J].应用化工,2021,50(7):1958-1961.
[5] Yang K,Venkataraman M,Zhang X,et al.Review:incorporation of organic PCMs into textiles[J].Journal of Materials Science,2022,57(2):798-847.
[6] Mulligan J C,Colvin D P,Bryant Y G.Microencapsulated phase-change material suspensions for heat transfer in spacecraft thermal systems[J].Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets,American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics,1996,33(2):278-284.
[7] Chen X,Wu B,Fan Y,et al.Temperature adjusting performance of thermoregulated woven fabric finished with phase-change microcapsule in low-temperature environment[J].Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics,SAGE Publications Ltd STM,2019,14:1-10.
[8] Mondal S.Phase change materials for smart textiles-an overview[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2008,28(11-12):1536-1550.
[9] F De Castro P,Minko S,Vinokurov V,et al.Long-term autonomic thermoregulating fabrics based on microencapsulated phase change materials[J].ACS Applied Energy Materials,American Chemical Society,2021,4(11):12789-12797.
[10] 姜培.聚脲/石蜡相变微胶囊的制备及性能研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2018.
[11] 郑喜玲,马晓光,吴智磊,等.复合脂肪醇储能微胶囊的表征与应用[J].针织工业,2013(8):18-21.
[12] Sarι A,Alkan C,Altιntaş A.Preparation,characterization and latent heat thermal energy storage properties of micro-nanoencapsulated fatty acids by polystyrene shell[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2014,73(1):1160-1168.
[13] 杨文芳,路硕,姚连珍,等.智能光敏变色储能调温微胶囊的制备与表征[J].功能材料,2015,46(17):17131-17134,17139.
[14] Aydιn A A.In situ preparation and characterization of encapsulated high-chain fatty acid ester-based phase change material (PCM) in poly(urethane-urea) by using amino alcohol[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2013,231:477-483.
[15] Yu X,Huang Z,Yu K.Effects of emulsifiers on preparing spherical urea-formaldehyde paraffin capsules modified by β-cyclodextrin for energy storage[J].Journal of Nanomaterials,2014,2014:236016.
[16] Sarι A,Alkan C,Karaipekli A.Preparation,characterization and thermal properties of PMMA/n-heptadecane microcapsules as novel solid-liquid microPCM for thermal energy storage[J].Applied Energy,2010,87(5):1529-1534.
[17] Aydιn A A.Fatty acid ester-based commercial products as potential new phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal energy storage[J].Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2013,108:98-104.
[18] Zhang H,Wang X.Fabrication and performances of microencapsulated phase change materials based on n-octadecane core and resorcinol-modified melamine-formaldehyde shell[J].Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2009,332(2-3):129-138.
[19] Erzin F,Konuklu Y.Facile synthesis of resorcinol-melamine-formaldehyde microcapsules containing hexadecane for thermal energy storage[J].Journal of Energy Storage,2021,44:103285.
[20] Tiarks F,Landfester K,Antonietti M.Preparation of polymeric nanocapsules by miniemulsion polymerization[J].Langmuir,American Chemical Society,2001,17(3):908-918.
[21] 李玉,汪国庆,万逸,等.硅油微胶囊的制备及其仿生防污性能的研究[J].涂料工业,2018,48(1):28-36.
[22] 柴云,刘祥萱,王煊军,等.基于非离子复合乳化剂自修复微胶囊的制备[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(14):263-267.
[23] Borreguero A M,Carmona M,Sanchez M L,et al.Improvement of the thermal behaviour of gypsum blocks by the incorporation of microcapsules containing PCMS obtained by suspension polymerization with an optimal core/coating mass ratio[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2010,30(10):1164-1169.
[24] 彭佩,王先锋,赵涛,等.乳化剂对聚脲树脂相变微胶囊性能的影响[J].化工新型材料,2016,44(11):122-124,127.
[25] Wang H P,Li M Q,Guo C,et al.Microencapsulation of diglycidyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate by in situ polymerization:preparation and characterization[J].e-Polymers,2015,15(6):377-383.
基金资助
江汉大学校级科研项目(2021yb023)
PDF
