采用对苯二胺改性酚醛树脂分子结构并对酚醛树脂进行发泡制得性能优异的改性酚醛泡沫。通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、核磁共振碳谱、GPC和旋转黏度计对改性酚醛树脂进行表征,结果表示对苯胺已经成功引入酚醛树脂分子结构中,改性树脂分子量提高了25%。对改性酚醛泡沫的吸水率、质量损失率、尺寸稳定性、热重、极限氧指数等进行测试,结果表明:改性泡沫的吸水率最低可达到4.28%;质量损失率最低可达到3.94%;尺寸稳定性明显提高;质量损失5%时的温度、热分解峰值温度和残碳率均有所提高;极限氧指数最高可达41.2。对苯二胺改性酚醛泡沫具有更优异的耐热性和阻燃性。

Modified phenolic foam with excellent properties was prepared by modifying the molecular structure of phenolic resin with p-phenylenediamine and foaming the modified phenolic resin.The modified phenolic resin was characterized by infrared spectrum,nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum,nuclear magnetic resonance carbon spectrum,GPC and rotary viscometer.The results showed that p-aniline had been successfully introduced into the molecular structure of phenolic resin,and the molecular weight of the modified resin was increased by 25%.The water absorption,mass loss rate,dimensional stability,thermogravimetric and limiting oxygen index of the modified phenolic foam were tested.The results indicated that the lowest water absorption rate of modified foam was 4.28% and the lowest mass loss rate was 3.94%;The dimensional stability was obviously improved;When the mass loss was 5%,the temperature,the peak temperature of thermal decomposition and the rate of residual carbon were increased;The limiting oxygen index was up to 41.2.The phenolic foam modified by p-phenylenediamine had excellent heat resistance and flame retardancy.