电池热管理系统是保证电动汽车电池性能的关键部分,目前多使用单相变材料冷却技术。以相变温度不同的石蜡作为储热材料,以膨胀石墨作为吸附材料,设计了双层相变材料控温结构,双层相变材料结构具有“接力赛”式的双重缓冲控温过程。对制备的2种相变材料进行表征和测试,得出最佳材料配比。在不同的环境温度中将双层相变材料控温结构应用于锂离子电池进行放电实验。结果表明:质量分数为10%的双层相变材料在导热系数和泄漏率方面有较好的表现和较高的潜热值,双层相变材料结构在25℃和37℃环境温度中能够使锂离子电池最高放电温度分别保持在42℃和51℃,具备良好的控温效果,能在一定程度上保证锂离子电池的安全使用并延长其寿命。
The battery thermal management system is a critical part to ensure the performance of an electric vehicle battery.At present,the most used technology is single-phase change material cooling technology.The paraffin with different phase change temperature was used as the heat storage material,and the expansion graphite as the adsorption material to design a double-layer phase change material temperature control structure,which had “relay race” type double buffer temperature control process.The two prepared phase change materials were characterized and tested to obtain the optimal material ratio.In different environmental temperatures,the temperature control structure with double-layer phase material was used to lithium-ion battery for discharge experiments.The results showed that the double-layer phase change material with a mass fraction of 10% had good performance and high latent heat value in terms of thermal conductivity and leakage rate.The double-layer phase change material structure could keep the maximum discharge temperature of the lithium-ion battery at 42℃ and 51℃ in the environmental temperature of 25℃ and 37℃,respectively.It possessed a good temperature control effect to ensure the safe use of lithium-ion battery and prolong its life to a certain extent.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(51762034)
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