为提高多孔碳球作为超级电容器电极材料在电解液中的离子迁移速率,通过水热法设计制备了以碳球为外壳,金纳米颗粒为核心的核壳结构复合材料(CS-Au)。之后通过KOH活化,制备的样品(PCS-Au)比表面积可达到962.48m2/g。结果表明:在0.5A/g的电流密度下,PCS-Au表现出225F/g的比容量,相较于纯多孔碳球(PCS)比容量提高了28.5%。使用螺旋季铵四氟硼酸盐和乙腈混合溶液(CF4301)作为电解液,组装成纽扣式对称型超级电容器后,PCS-Au在功率密度为1000W/kg的情况下能量密度为27.63Wh/kg。并且在1A/g电流密度下,经过20000圈循环稳定性测试后容量保持率为104.76%,性能无衰减,展现出很好的循环稳定性。精心设计的核壳结构与较大的比表面积,优异的导电性及丰富的孔结构降低了材料电阻并可以容纳更多的电解液,导致Au纳米颗粒@多孔碳球是一种极具应用价值的超级电容器电极材料。
In order to improve the ion migration rate of porous carbon spheres as supercapacitor electrode materials in electrolytes,a core-shell structure composite (CS-Au) with carbon spheres as the shell and gold nanoparticles as the core was designed and prepared by hydrothermal method.After activation by KOH,the specific surface area of the prepared sample (PCS-Au) could reach 962.48m2/g.The results showed that the PCS-Au exhibited a specific capacity of 225F/g at a current density of 0.5A/g,which was 28.5% higher than that of pure porous carbon spheres (PCS).Using the mixed solution of spiro quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and acetonitrile (CF4301) as the electrolyte,after being assembled into a button-type symmetrical supercapacitor,the energy density of the PCS-Au was 27.63Wh/kg at a power density of 1000W/kg.Moreover,at a current density of 1A/g,the capacity retention rate was 104.76% after 20000 cycles of stability test,and the performance was not attenuated,showing good cycle stability.The well-designed core-shell structure with large specific surface area,excellent electrical conductivity and abundant pore structure reduced the material resistance and could accommodate more electrolytes,resulting in Au nanoparticles@porous carbon spheres being a highly valuable electrode material for supercapacitor.
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基金资助
山西省自然科学基金项目(201903D421081);中国山西核心技术和共性技术研究开发项目(20201102018);山西省基础研究计划项目(202103021224079);山西省重点研发计划(202102040201008)
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