过渡金属碳化物(TMCs)因高导电、高硬度、耐酸碱、热稳定性良好等优势,被广泛应用于化学化工、电子器件等领域。研究发现,TMCs纳米材料因特殊的d带电子排布和暴露的活性位点,能促进氢的吸附与脱附,进而表现出较高的催化析氢活性。但是,TMCs在合成中易团聚,活性位点易被覆盖会严重阻碍其性能的发挥。通过对纳米结构的合理调控,在维持TMCs自身活性的同时可进一步提高材料自身的催化活性。不同维度TMCs纳米材料的结构优势集中体现在材料表面的有效利用与活性位点的暴露上。介绍了TMCs纳米材料的制备方法及其催化析氢性能,指出了TMCs纳米材料面临的挑战及存在的问题,以期为不同维度TMCs纳米材料的研究提供参考。
Transition metal carbides (TMCs) are widely used in chemical and electronic industries because of their high electrical conductivity,high hardness,acid and alkali resistance,and good thermal stability.Notably,TMCs nanomaterials can promote the adsorption and desorption of H+ due to their special d-band electron arrangement and exposed active sites,thus exhibiting high catalytic hydrogen evolution activity.However,TMCs are prone to aggregation during the synthesis process,and the active sites are easily covered,which may seriously hinder their performance.The catalytic activity of the materials themselves can be further improved by good modulation of the nanostructure while maintaining the activity of the TMCs themselves.Such TMCs nanomaterials with different dimensions have significant nano-structured advantages,focusing on the effective utilization of the material surface and the exposure of active sites.In this paper,the synthesis methods of TMCs nanomaterials and their catalytic hydrogen evolution properties were summarized,and the challenges and problems of TMCs nanomaterials were pointed out in order to provide a reference for the research of TMCs nanomaterials in different dimensions.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金青年项目(51902232)
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