对废弃的低相对分子质量对位芳纶(PPTA)粉末进行烷基化改性,以改善PPTA的化学惰性,研究了溶剂对烷基化产物表面接触角和溶解性能的影响,通过红外光谱仪、热重分析仪、比表面积及孔径分析仪、扫描电子显微镜对目标产物进行了表征。结果表明,以N-N二甲基甲酰胺、二甲亚砜(DMSO)作为溶剂时,PPTA粉末烷基化改性效果良好。为此通过正交试验对比了使用2种溶剂合成的烷基化产物的接触角,确定了最佳溶剂为DMSO,优化出适宜的改性工艺条件:溴代正丁烷与PPTA粉末质量比为3.5∶1,氢化钠质量分数为0.4%,反应时间为4.5h,反应温度为80℃,在此基础上进行3次重现性实验,烷基化产物接触角平均值为117.26°。
The alkylation modification of waste low relative molecular mass aramid (PPTA) powder was carried out to improve the chemical inertness of PPTA.The effects of solvents on the surface contact angle and dissolution properties of the alkylated products were investigated.The target products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analyzer,specific surface area and pore size analyzer,and scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that the alkylation modification of PPTA powder was effective when N-N dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were used as solvents.To this end,the contact angles of the alkylated products synthesized using two solvents were compared by orthogonal tests,the best solvent was determined to be DMSO,and the suitable modification process conditions were optimized:the mass ratio of bromobutane to PPTA powder was 3.5∶1,the mass fraction of sodium hydride was 0.4%,the reaction time was 4.5h,and the reaction temperature was 80℃.Based on this,three reproducibility experiments were conducted,and the average contact angle of the alkylated products was 117.26°.
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基金资助
江苏省重点研发计划(164030040)
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