相变材料由于相变温度恒定、储能效果好、稳定性好等特征,在建筑墙体中的应用越来越多。介绍了相变材料的分类及建筑用相变材料的选择原则,分析了影响相变墙体节能效果的因素,总结了相变储能墙体构件形式及特征,并对相变墙体在建筑中的应用节能效果进行了综合对比分析。结果表明,相变墙体的节能效果受到诸多因素的影响,包括相变材料自身特性、气候、墙体形式及材料经济性等。因此需要综合衡量才能得到相变材料在墙体中的最佳应用方式,使相变墙体的节能性能最优化。通过综合布局可以有效地发挥相变材料的高储能性,从而达到降低建筑能耗、提高室内热舒适性的目的。
Phase change materials are more and more used in building walls because of their characteristics such as constant phase change temperature,good energy storage effect and great stability.This paper introduced the classification of phase-change materials and the selection principle of phase-change materials for buildings,analyzed the factors that affected the energy-saving effect of phase-change walls,summarized the component forms and characteristics of phase-change energy storage walls,and comprehensively analyzed the energy-saving effect of the application of phase-change walls in buildings.The results showed that the energy-saving effect of the phase-change wall was affected by many factors,including its own characteristics,climate,wall forms and material economy.Therefore,comprehensive measurement was required to obtain the best application mode of phase change materials in the wall so as to optimize the energy-saving performance.The comprehensive layout could effectively exert the high energy storage of phase change materials thereby reducing building energy consumption and improving indoor thermal comfort.
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基金资助
江西省自然科学基金项目(20192BAB206040);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ180459)
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