随着人们环保的意识的提升,低毒无污染的水性聚氨酯受到了极大关注,但线性的水性聚氨酯耐水性能差,稳定性不好,成膜强度低,限制了其应用。以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为硬段,聚丙二醇(PPG-1000)为软段,二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水扩链剂,三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)为交联剂,不同比例的丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)和季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)作为封端剂,合成一系列超支化水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液。采用傅里叶红外光谱、动态光散射、万能试验机、热重分析仪和扫描电子显微镜等方法对WPU乳液和光固化成膜后的性能进行表征。结果表明:合成的WPU乳液粒径分布均匀,随着TMP和PETA含量的增加,光固化后的WPU薄膜支化度增加,薄膜的耐水性能和热稳定性提高,抗拉强度最高可达23.1MPa,同时还具有56%的断裂伸长率。该超支化薄膜可应用于木制品、皮革、地坪涂料等方面。
With the improvement of people's awareness of environmental protection,waterborne polyurethane with low toxicity and non-pollution has received great attention.However,the poor water resistance,bad stability,and low film strength of linear waterborne polyurethane limit its application.Therefore,a series of hyperbranched UV curable waterborne polyurethane (WPU) emulsions were synthesized by using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as hard segment,polypropylene glycol (PPG-1000) as soft segment,dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) as hydrophilic chain extender,trimethylolpropane (TMP) as crosslinking agent,and different dosages of hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) as blocking agents.The properties of WPU emulsions and UV curable films were characterized by Fourier Infrared Spectrometer,dynamic light scattering,universal testing machine,thermogravimetric analyzer and scanning electron microscope.The results showed that the particle size distribution of the synthesized WPU emulsions was uniform.With the increase of TMP and PETA content,the branching degree of the light-cured WPU films increased,the water resistance and thermal stability of the film were improved,the highest tensile strength reached up to 23.1MPa,and the elongation at break was 56%.The hyperbranched films had potential application in wood products,leather,floor coatings,and so on.
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基金资助
山西浙大新材料与化工研究院资助项目(2021SX-TD008);山西省"1331"工程(晋财绩〔2021〕1号)
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