超疏水纺织材料的开发主要基于荷叶效应,其具有优良的防水、防污、自清洁及抗细菌粘附等实用功能,已成为功能性纺织材料的研究热点。从超疏水机理出发,解释构建超疏水表面结构的两个关键因素(微纳米粗糙度与低表面能),同时介绍浸涂、喷涂、溶胶-凝胶、沉积、自组装、等离子体等制备超疏水纺织材料常用方法。最后综述超疏水纺织材料在医疗卫生、油水分离、雾水收集等领域的应用现状,并展望其未来发展趋势。
The development of superhydrophobic textiles is mainly based on the lotus leaf effect,which has become a research hotspot for functional textiles because of its excellent practical functions such as water repellency,stain resistance,self-cleaning and anti-bacterial adhesion.From the superhydrophobic mechanism,two key factors (micro-nano roughness and low surface energy) for building superhydrophobic surface structures were explained,and common methods for preparing superhydrophobic textiles such as dip-coating,spraying,sol-gel,deposition,self-assembly and plasma were also introduced.Finally,the current status of the application of superhydrophobic textiles in the fields of medical and health care,oil-water separation,and fog-water collection was reviewed,and its future development trend was discussed.
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基金资助
国家自然科学青年基金项目(51903156);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210349038);2021年绍兴文理学院研究生校级科研课题(Y20210702)
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