为了资源化利用废水中的氮、磷元素,以含氮、磷、铁的模拟废水和多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)为原料,以化学沉淀法合成了多壁碳纳米管-磷酸铵铁(MWCNT-FAP),优化了MWCNT-FAP的合成条件。采用红外光谱、能谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜和热重分析等手段对MWCNT-FAP进行表征。将MWCNT-FAP和聚磷酸铵(APP)引入环氧树脂(EP)中制备复合材料(MWCNT-FAP-APP/EP)。采用微尺度燃烧量热法和UL-94方法测试了复合材料的热释放率(HRR)和阻燃性,利用拉伸测试系统对EP复合材料的力学性能进行了测试。结果表明:FAP粒径约为20～30nm。MWCNT-FAP能改善环氧复合材料的阻燃性能和力学性能。加入MWCNT-FAP和APP后,环氧树脂的HRR明显降低,点燃时间延长,MWCNT-FAP-APP/EP可通过UL 94 V-0评级。炭渣分析表明,MWCNT-FAP和APP在降低聚合物可燃性方面具有协同作用。该方法在废水处理、氮磷回收和防火材料等方面具有潜在的应用价值。
To recycle nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from waste water,the multi-walled carbon nanotube-ferrum ammonium phosphate (MWCNT-FAP) was synthesized using MWCN and simulated waste water containing N,P and Fe pollutants as raw materials.The adsorption-chemical precipitation method was employed to synthesize target products in situ,and the optimal conditions for synthesis of MWCNT-FAP were obtained.FT-Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy,Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS),Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Thermal Gravity Analysis (TG) were conducted to characterize the samples.The MWCNT-FAPs and Exolit AP 750(APP) were introduced into epoxy (EP) to prepare polymer nanocomposites (MWCNT-FAP-APP/EP).The Heat Release Rate (HRR) and flammability of epoxy composites were tested by Micro-scale Combustion Calorimetry (MCC) and UL-94 instruments.The mechanical properties of EP composites were also tested by a tension testing system.Results indicated that the FAP particle size was 20～30nm.The flame retardancy and mechanical properties of epoxy composites were improved by MWCNT-FAP.The addition of MWCNT-FAP and APP reduced the HRR of epoxy composites significantly and prolonged its burning time.The MWCNT-FAP/APP/EP passed the UL 94 with a V-0 rating.The analysis of the char revealed the synergy of MWCNT-FAP and APP in reducing the flammability of polymers.The conclusions of this work exhibited a potential application in wastewater treatment,N-P recycling and flame-resistant materials.
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基金资助
苏州市重点产业技术创新-前瞻性应用研究(SYG201744);江苏省建设科技项目(2017ZD238)
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