PDF
摘要
无机相变储热材料集不可燃性、导热性能好、经济性好和储热密度高等优点于一体,是一类应用前景良好的高效储热方式。为解决无机水合盐相变材料在应用过程中严重的过冷和相分离问题(纯三水醋酸钠过冷度一般可高达30～40℃),以三水醋酸钠(SAT)为储热基体材料,分别以十水焦磷酸钠、十二水磷酸氢二钠、纳米SiO2、纳米Si3N4和纳米AlN为成核剂,以黄原胶为增稠剂,进行复合材料凝固/融化步冷实验和差示扫描量热测试,研究不同添加剂对SAT成核效果的影响,再对优选出的成核剂进行比例优化实验,然后添加质量分数分别为1%、2%、3%、4%、5%的优选成核剂,配制出过冷度低、热性能稳定的复合材料。实验结果表明,纳米AlN对SAT的过冷度改善效果较好,添加1%AlN、2%黄原胶和97%的SAT复合相变材料热焓为237J/g,相变温度为55℃,过冷度仅为2℃,循环多次后相变热焓降低幅度为2.1%,热稳定性能良好,有一定的应用前景。
Abstract
Inorganic phase change heat storage material is a kind of efficient heat storage method with good application prospect,which combines the advantages of incombustibility,good thermal conductivity,good economy and high heat storage density.To solve the serious problems of supercooling and phase separation in the application of inorganic hydrate salt phase change material(PCM) (the supercooling degree of pure SAT can generally be as high as 30～40℃),sodium acetate trihydrate (SAT) was used as the heat storage matrix material,Na4P2O7·10H2O,Na2HPO4·12H2O,nano-SiO2,nano-Si3N4,nano-AlN as nucleating agent respectively,and xanthan gum as thickener.Composite solidification/melting step-cooling experiments and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests were conducted to investigate the effect of different additives on SAT nucleation.The ratio optimization experiments were then carried out to add 1%,2%,3%,4% and 5% of the preferred nucleating agent to finally formulate composite with low subcooling and stable thermal properties.The results shown that the nano AlN had good effect on the subcooling of SAT.The enthalpy of the PCM with 1% AlN,2% xanthan gum and 97% SAT was 237J/g,the phase change temperature was 55℃,the subcooling degree was only 2℃,and the phase change enthalpy was reduced by 2.1% after several cycles,which had good thermal stability and certain application prospects.
关键词
相变材料
/
水合盐
/
过冷度
/
纳米材料
/
循环稳定性
Key words
phase change material
/
salt hydrate
/
supercooling degree
/
nanomaterial
/
cycle stability
基于三水醋酸钠的高效复合相变材料配制及储热性能研究[J].
化工新型材料, 2022, 50(5): 126-130 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2022.05.026
[1] 张仁元.相变材料与相变储能技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[2] Wong-Pinto L,Milian Y,Ushak S.Progress on use of nanoparticles in salt hydrates as phase change materials[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2020,122:109727.
[3] Erlbeck L,Schreiner P,Fasel F,et al.Investigation of different materials for macroencapsulation of salt hydrate phase change materials for building purposes[J].Construction and Building Materials,2018,180:512-518.
[4] 韩兴超,章学来,华维三,等.建筑用太阳能光热相变储能瓦片设计[J].可再生能源,2018,36(3):359-364.
[5] 章学来,孟祥来,赵群志,等.冰蓄冷空调蓄冰成核[J].化工学报,2014,65(11):4321-4324.
[6] 李永珍.基于PCM墙体的太阳能空气源热泵系统及热舒适性研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2019.
[7] 池勇,汤勇,万珍平,等.微电子芯片高热流密度相变冷却技术[J].流体机械,2007(4):50-55.
[8] 赵健.相变储能在船舶主机冷却水余热回收系统中的应用研究[D].大连:大连海洋大学,2018.
[9] Beaupere N,Soupremanien U,Zalewski L.Nucleation triggering methods in supercooled phase change materials (PCM),a review[J].Thermochimica Acta,2018,670:184-201.
[10] Liu J,Zhu C,Liang W,et al.Experimental investigation on micro-scale phase change material based on sodium acetate trihydrate for thermal storage[J].Solar Energy,2019,193:413-421.
[11] Zahir M H,Mohamed S A,Saidur R,et al.Supercooling of phase-change materials and the techniques used to mitigate the phenomenon[J].Applied Energy,2019,240:793-817.
[12] Dannemand M,Johansen J B,Furbo S.Solidification behavior and thermal conductivity of bulk sodium acetate trihydrate composites with thickening agents and graphite[J].Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells,2016,145:287-295.
[13] Li M,Lin Z,Sun Y,et al.Preparation and characterizations of a novel temperature-tuned phase change material based on sodium acetate trihydrate for improved performance of heat pump systems[J].Renewable Energy,2020,157:670-677.
[14] 李晶,刘中良,马重芳.改善三水醋酸钠固液相变性能的实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2006(5):817-819.
[15] 吴东灵,李廷贤,何峰,等.三水醋酸钠相变储能复合材料改性制备及储/放热特性[J].化工学报,2018,69(7):2860-2868.
[16] Wang Y,Yu K,Peng H,et al.Preparation and thermal properties of sodium acetate trihydrate as a novel phase change material for energy storage[J].Energy,2019,167:269-274.
[17] 卢大杰,胡芃,赵斌斌,等.三水合醋酸钠纳米成核剂的性能研究[J].工程热物理学报,2012,33(8):1279-1282.
[18] 杜晓冬,章学来,丁锦宏,等.纳米成核剂对三水醋酸钠蓄热性能的影响[J].建筑节能,2017,45(9):25-28.
[19] 周鑫晨,章学来,华维三,等.增稠剂对NH4Al(SO4)2·12H2O蓄放热性能的影响[J].化工进展,2019,38(10):4520-4533.
[20] Hsu T,Chung C,Chung F,et al.Thermal hysteresis in phase-change materials:encapsulated metal alloy core-shell microparticles[J].Nano Energy,2018,51:563-570.
