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摘要
利用熔融法来制备多壁纳米碳管/聚丙烯(MWCNT/PP)纳米复合材料,利用静态力学性能、动态力学性能、热性能及电性能对其进行性能差异分析,通过红外光谱、X射线衍射和热重等手段对其进行表征。结果表明:MWCNT已接上羧酸基(—COOH);m-MWCNT官能基含量为11%;改质前后的MWCNT并不会改变其结晶型态,且不会影响PP的结晶行为与组织结构形态;而且PP基体与m-MWCNT相容性更好。静态力学试验分析表明,MWCNT/PP纳米复合材料的硬度随着纳米碳管含量的增加而提升,而纳米复合材料的抗拉强度、弹性模量与耐冲击强度皆随着纳米碳管含量增加至3份达到最大值,超过3份后随之下降;动态力学试验分析表明,MWCNT对于复合材料的玻璃化温度(Tg)点并无明显影响,但储能模量会随着添加量增加而提升,且m-MWCNT因结合力与分散效果佳的缘故,以致储能模量优于un-MWCNT/PP纳米复合材料。热性能方面,随着MWCNT添加量的增加,耐热性能提升更为显著,但因改质剂会先裂解,m-MWCNT/PP的耐热性不如un-MWCNT/PP纳米复合材料;电性能方面,随着MWCNT添加量的增加,MWCNT/PP复合材料的屏蔽性能越好,且由于un-MWCNT结构未受到氧化反应所破坏,因此,un-MWCNT纳米复合材料的屏蔽效果更佳。
Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polypropylene (MWCNT/PP) nanocomposites were fabricated by the melt mixing method.The property differences of MWCNT/PP nanocomposites were analyzed by the static mechanical properties,dynamic mechanical properties,thermal properties and electrical properties tests.The MWCNT was successfully attached with carboxylic acid group (—COOH) as analyzed by FT-IR and XRD.TG tests showed that the content of m-MWCNT functional group was 11%.The XRD test showed that the modification of MWCNT not change its crystalline pattern,and not affect the crystallization behavior and tissue structure morphology of PP.The SEM test showed that the PP matrix was more compatible with m-MWCNT.The hardness of MWCNT/PP increased with the increase of carbon nanotube content,while the tensile strength,modulus of elasticity and impact strength of the nanocomposites reached the maximum value with the increase of carbon nanotube content up to 3 phr,and then decreased beyond 3 phr.The dynamic mechanical tests showed that MWCNT had no significant effect on the Tg of the composites,but the energy storage modulus increased with the addition of m-MWCNT,and the energy storage modulus was better than that of un-MWCNT due to the good binding and dispersion effect.The thermal performance of m-MWCNT/PP was not as good as un-MWCNT/PP nanocomposites because the modifier will be cleaved first.For electrical properties,the shielding performance of MWCNT/PP was better with increasing the amount of MWCNT added,because the un-MWCNT structure was not destroyed by oxidation reaction,the un-MWCNT nanocomposites had better shielding effect.
关键词
碳纳米管
/
聚丙烯
/
力学性能
/
纳米复合材料
Key words
carbon nanotube
/
PP
/
mechanical property
/
nanocomposite
多壁碳纳米管/聚丙烯纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究[J].
化工新型材料, 2022, 50(5): 87-93 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2022.05.018
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金(61601135);衢州市科技计划攻关项目(2021k30);衢州市科技计划指导性项目(2021058和2021060)
