示踪技术在识别污染源、追踪流体流动路径等方面得到广泛使用。现通用的示踪剂,都是简单的分子或者离子体系,存在不同程度的环境污染问题。随着生物技术和纳米材料科学的进步,DNA作为纳米示踪材料逐渐应用于环境示踪等领域。与传统示踪剂相比,DNA示踪剂具可模块化设计、无背景影响、环境友好等优点,并且检测限低、灵敏度高。DNA示踪剂在多点示踪方面具有巨大的应用潜力。综述了聚合物、二氧化硅及黏土包覆DNA材料的合成方法和性能,以及DNA示踪剂在生物、水文、地层方面的应用情况,最后并对其DNA示踪剂的发展方向进行了展望。
Tracer technology is widely used in identifying pollution sources and tracking fluid flow paths.Common tracers are all simple molecular or ion systems,with different degrees of environmental pollution problems.With the science of biotechnology and nanomaterials,DNA is gradually applied as nanotracer materials in fields such as environmental tracer.DNA tracer has many advantages,such as modular design,no background impact,and environmental friendliness,and low detection limit and high sensitivity.Furthermore,DNA tracers have great application potential for multi-point tracers.The synthesis methods and properties of DNA tracer modified by polymer,silica and clay were reviewed,and reviewed the application of DNA tracer in biology,hydrology and stratum.The development direction of DNA tracer was looked forward.
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基金资助
国家自然科学基金面上项目(21974014)
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