分析聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维生产工艺及成分结构变化,采用电子扫描显微镜、强度仪和小角散射系统对条带纤维、微原纤维和皮芯纤维3种PAN基碳纤维结构进行表征,获取微观结构信息。利用计算机仿真技术,模拟PAN基碳纤维性能,由模拟结果可知,PAN基碳纤维性能并不是由一种微观结构决定的,而是由不同性能综合表征结果体现的。PAN基碳纤维孔隙率取决于拉断断口,条带纤维是三种纤维中孔隙率最低的。依据子午衍射谱图上的晶面衍射峰值,计算纤维微晶间距和沿轴向平均尺寸,确定PAN基碳纤维拉伸强度。采用小角X射线散射方法测定纤维微孔结构,发现回转半径决定PAN基碳纤维微孔细长程度和沿纤维轴向程度取向。在仿真实验下,将传统方法与计算机仿真技术模拟方法的模拟精准度进行对比分析,发现计算机仿真技术模拟方法模拟精准度更高,能够较真实地反映PAN基碳纤维的性能。
The production process and composition structure of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon fiber were analyzed.The structure of three kinds of PAN based carbon fiber were characterized by 14x300x multiple thermal field divergent electron scanning microscope,zbl-s260 type strength meter and Bruker type small angle scattering system,and obtained the microstructure information.The performance of the fiber was simulated by computer simulation technology.It can be seen from the simulation results that the performance of the fiber was not determined by a microstructure,but by the comprehensive characterization results of different properties.The porosity of the fiber depended on the fracture surface,and the band fiber was the lowest among the three fibers.According to the peak value of crystal plane diffraction on the meridional diffraction pattern,the distance between microcrystals and the average size along the axial direction were calculated to determine the tensile strength of PAN based carbon fiber.The microporous structure of the fiber was determined by small angle X-ray scattering method.According to the radius of gyration,the degree of microporosity and the orientation of microporosity along the fiber axis were determined.In the simulation experiment,the simulation accuracy of the traditional method and the computer simulation technology simulation method was compared and analyzed.The results shown that the simulation accuracy of the computer simulation technology simulation method was higher,which can reflect the performance of PAN based carbon fiber more truly.
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