以可发性酚醛树脂为前驱体,蒙脱土为改性剂,通过常压发泡法制备了孔径均匀、结构良好的酚醛树脂泡沫和蒙脱土改性酚醛泡沫;然后经800℃高温碳化,制得酚醛碳泡沫和蒙脱土/酚醛碳泡沫。研究结果表明,添加蒙脱土可使泡孔结构更加均匀,表观密度和粉化率增加。经高温处理的碳泡沫泡孔孔径明显减小,表观密度下降,粉化率增加。相比纯酚醛泡沫,蒙脱土/酚醛泡沫的耐热性较好,且残碳率由42.6%增加至45.9%。制备的4种泡沫材料中,纯酚醛碳泡沫的导热性能最好,蒙脱土/酚醛泡沫的隔热性能较好。
Using foamable phenolic resin as precursor and montmorillonite (MMT) as modifier,phenolic resin (PF) and MMT-PF foams with uniform pore size and good structure were prepared by atmospheric pressure foaming method.Then phenolic carbon foams (CF) and MMT modified carbon foams (CF-MMT) were prepared by carbonizing the two foams at 800℃ respectively.The results indicated that the addition of MMT could made the cellular structure more uniform and increased the density and powdering degree of the foams.The pore size and density of the CF was significantly reduced and powdering degree increased after high temperature treatment.Compared with pure PF foams,MMT-PF had better heat resistance,and the charred residue rate increased from 42.6% to 45.9%.Among the four foams,CF and CF-MMT demonstrated better thermal conductivity and thermal insulation,respectively.
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