针对战时偶发因素导致装备器材保障中无备件或备件供应不足的问题,选用激光立体成形技术进行备件的快速制造,结合战场抢修的及时性需求,选取316L不锈钢作为打印材料,基于正交试验法,对加工艺参数进行优化,进而分析了微观组织对力学性能的影响机理。结果表明:最佳工艺参数为A1B4C3,即激光功率为400W,扫描速度为700mm/min,送粉速率为1.6r/min。细长的枝晶组织和较窄的晶间宽度强化了拉伸性能,而且定向生长的较长枝晶可以进一步增加沿枝晶生长方向上的强度。316L不锈钢是典型的塑性断裂,但韧窝比常规件更小。
Aiming at the problem of no spare parts or insufficient supply of spare parts in equipment support caused by accidental factors in wartime,laser three-dimensional forming technology was used to quickly manufacture spare parts.In combination with the timeliness of battlefield repair,316L stainless steel was selected as the printing material.Based on the orthogonal experimental method,the process parameters were optimized,and the influence mechanism of microstructure on mechanical properties was analyzed.The results shown that the optimal process parameters were A1B4C3,that was,the laser power was 400W,the scanning speed was 700mm/min,and the powder feeding rate was 1.6r/min.The elongated dendrite structure and the narrow intergranular width enhanced the tensile properties,and the longer dendrites that were oriented to grow can further increase the strength along the direction of dendrite growth.316L stainless steel was a typical plastic fracture,but the size of the dimple was smaller than that of conventional parts and had better tensile properties.
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