石油基合成弹性体发展迅速但存在不可持续的问题,且日益受到节能减排的压力,因此发展生物基弹性体势在必行。采用生物基蓖麻油为主要原料制备蓖麻油基聚氨酯弹性体,并运用傅里叶红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪、万能力学试验机、邵氏硬度仪等表征手段对其结构及热行为、力学性能、弹性等性能进行测试分析。结果表明:所制蓖麻油基聚氨酯弹性体具有优异的力学性能、耐水解等性能,并具有一定的自修复性能。所制备的蓖麻油基聚氨酯弹性体的吸水率约为0.64%;在降解测试结果显示,100℃下,pH为14的情况下降解率2.42%;自修测试结果显示,在100℃时自修复的蓖麻油制备的弹性体修复率达64.01%。因此,石油基多元醇有希望被蓖麻油替代或者部分被替代制备高性能聚氨酯弹性体。
Petroleum-based synthetic elastomers are developing rapidly but there are unsustainable issues and are increasingly subject to the pressure of energy conservation and emission reduction.Therefore,the development of bio-based elastomers is imperative.This study used bio-based castor oil as the primary raw material to prepare castor oil-based polyurethane elastomers.Characterization techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),differential scanning calorimetry (DSC),universal mechanical testing machine,and Shore hardness tester were employed to analyze and test the structure,thermal behavior,mechanical properties,and elasticity of the elastomers.The results indicated that the prepared castor oil-based polyurethane elastomers exhibited excellent mechanical properties,resistance to hydrolysis,and a certain degree of self-healing capabilities.The water absorption rate of castor oil-based polyurethane elastomer was approximately 0.64%.Degradation tests showed that at 100℃ with a pH of 14,the degradation rate was 2.42%.Self-healing tests revealed that the elastomers prepared with castor oil had a healing efficiency of 64.01% at 100℃.Thus,the petroleum-based polyols used have the potential to be replaced,or partially replaced,by castor oil to prepare high-performance polyurethane elastomers.
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