针对废弃资源综合利用和通用塑料污染问题,采用超声波辅助提取法提取天然废弃植物源有效成分,并与聚乳酸(PLA)复合,探究石榴皮提取物(PGE)和洋葱皮提取物(OPE)对PLA性能的影响。结果表明:两种提取物的加入并没有改变PLA的晶型,但提高了成核密度,减小了球晶尺寸。复合材料的热稳定性有一定的下降,但由于提取物中羟基与PLA发生了氢键作用使其下降幅度不大,同时弥补了复合材料力学性能减小的趋势。植物源提取物的添加使复合材料中的—OH基团数量增多,水蒸汽透过率也随之增大,适用于地膜及食品果蔬保鲜材料中。两种提取物赋予了复合材料不同色泽,染色成分与PLA间的界面作用使复合材料耐摩擦色牢度得以保持,扩大了其应用范围。两种复合材料具有显著的抑菌作用,其中,PGE含量为9%时,其复合材料的抗菌率可达95%以上,可以作为抗菌材料应用。
In order to solve the problems of comprehensive utilization of waste resources and general plastic pollution,the ultrasonic assisted extraction method was used to extract the effective components from natural waste plants,and then these extracts were compounded with polylactic acid (PLA).The effects of pomegranate peel extract (PGE) and onion peel extract (OPE) on the performance of the PLA were explored.The results showed that the addition of the two extracts did not change the crystalline structure of PLA,but increased the nucleation density and decreased the spherulite size.The thermal stability of the composite decreased to a certain extent,but due to the hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl group in the extract and PLA,the decrease was not significant,which made up for the decrease in the mechanical properties of the composite.With the addition of plant extracts,the number of —OH groups in the composite materials increased,and the water vapor permeability also increased,which was suitable for plastic mulching and food,fruit and vegetable preservation materials.The two extracts endowed the composites with different colors,and the interface effect between dye components and PLA kept the color fastness of the composite to friction,expanding its application scope.The two composites had significant antibacterial effect.When the content of PGE was 9%,the antibacterial rate of the composite could reach more than 95%,which could be used as antibacterial materials.
[1] Panchal S S,Vasava D V.Biodegradable polymeric materials:synthetic approach[J].ACS Omega,2020,5(9):4370-4379.
[2] Jongpanya-Ngam P,Khankrua R,Seadan M,et al.Effect of synthesized sulfonate derivatives as nucleating agents on crystallization behavior of poly(lactic acid)[J].Designed Monomers and Polymers,2022,25(1):115-127.
[3] Macke N,Hemmingsen C M,Rowan S J.The effect of polymer grafting on the mechanical properties of PEG-grafted cellulose nanocrystals in poly(lactic acid)[J].Journal of Polymer Science,2022,60(24):3318-3330.
[4] 杨宏伟,杜江华,杨婷婷,等.熔融沉积制备聚乳酸基体复合材料的研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2022,50(9):30-36.
[5] Zou D F,Zheng X,Ye Y P,et al.Effect of different amounts of bamboo charcoal on properties of biodegradable bamboo charcoal/polylactic acid composites[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2022,216(1):456-464.
[6] Chamas A,Moon H,Zheng J,et al.Degradation rates of plastics in the environment[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering,2020,8(9):3494-3511.
[7] 张显勇,王忠,付蕾,等.成核剂的添加对可降解材料聚乳酸结晶性影响的研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2018,46(11):230-233.
[8] Singh B,Singh J P,Kaur A,et al.Antimicrobial potential of pomegranate peel:a review[J].International Journal of Food Science & Technology,2019,54(4):959-965.
[9] Zárate P A,Wong-Paz J E,Michel M,et al.Characterisation of pomegranate-husk polyphenols and semi-preparative fractionation of punicalagin[J].Phytochemical Analysis,2017,28(5):433-438.
[10] Sharma P,Yadav S.Effect of incorporation of pomegranate peel and bagasse powder and their extracts on quality characteristics of chicken meat patties[J].Food Science of Animal Resources,2020,40(3):388-400.
[11] Romanelli Vicente Bertolo M,Leme R,da Conceição Amaro Martins V,et al.Rheological characterization of the influence of pomegranate peel extract addition and concentration in chitosan and gelatin coatings[J].Polysaccharides,2021,2(3):648-660.
[12] Kanlayavattanakul M,Chongnativisit W,Chaikul P,et al.Phenolic-rich pomegranate peel extract:in vitro,cellular,and in vivo activities for skin hyperpigmentation treatment[J].Planta Medica,2020,86(11):749-759.
[13] Ruan J H,Li J,Adili G,et al.Phenolic compounds and bioactivities from pomegranate (punica granatum L.) peels[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2022,70(12):3678-3686.
[14] Tátraaljai D,Tang Y,Pregi E,et al.Pomegranate extract for the processing stabilization of polyethylene[J].Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology,2022,28(2):321-330.
[15] Mohamed L,Laila T,Abdelbaset M E,et al.The natural antiviral and immune stimulant effects of Allium cepa essential oil onion extract against virulent Newcastle disease virus[J].Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,2022,29(2):1239-1245.
[16] Kumar M,Barbhai M D,Hasan M,et al.Onion (Allium cepa L.) peel:a review on the extraction of bioactive compounds,its antioxidant potential,and its application as a functional food ingredient[J].Journal of Food Science,2022,87(10):4289-4311.
[17] Laura M,Cocca M,Malinconico M.Crystal polymorphism of poly (L-lactic acid) and its influence on thermal properties[J].Thermochimica Acta,2011,522(1-2):110-117.
[18] 孟令馨,徐淑艳,谢元仲.聚乳酸/乙酰化纳米纤维素薄膜制备及性能研究[J].食品工业科技,2016,37(11):249-252.
[19] 唐丽丽,陈蕴智,张正健,等.微纤化纤维素/聚乳酸薄膜的制备及性能分析[J].包装工程,2017,38(15):47-52.
[20] 费鹏,赵胜娟,陈曦,等.植物多酚抑菌活性、作用机理及应用研究进展[J].食品与机械,2019,35(7):226-230.
