利用玉米秸秆作为原材料,以ZnCl2为活化剂,在1.5mol/L的浸渍浓度、热解温度600℃和热解时间90min的条件下,制得活化生物炭(ZBC)。在100mL/L的模拟铅废水中,ZBC添加量为1g/L,其饱和吸附量为89.6mg/g。另外,利用ZBC为载体,通过氮掺杂制备出氨基生物炭,通过单因素实验获得了吸附能力最佳的氨基生物炭(NZBC)。NZBC在饱和吸附时间下对Pb(Ⅱ)的最大吸附量为126.8mg/g,比ZBC生物炭提高了40%。NZBC吸附动力学研究表明,对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附过程符合拟二级反应过程,化学吸附是主要的吸附机制。
Activated biochar (ZBC) was prepared by using corn straw as raw material and ZnCl2 as activator under the conditions of impregnation concentration of 1.5mol/L,pyrolysis temperature of 600℃ and pyrolysis time of 90 min.In 100mL/L simulated lead wastewater,the saturated adsorption capacity of ZBC was 89.6mg/g when the addition amount of ZBC was 1g/L.In addition,amino biochar was prepared by nitrogen doping using ZBC as the carrier,and the amino biochar (NZBC) with the best adsorption capacity was obtained by single factor experiment.The maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(Ⅱ) by NZBC at saturated adsorption time was 126.8mg/g,which was 40% higher than that of ZBC biochar.The adsorption kinetics of NZBC showed that the adsorption process of Pb(Ⅱ) conformed to the pseudo-second-order reaction process,and chemical adsorption was the main adsorption mechanism.
[1] Ali Z Ansar,Venkatesan Jayachandran,Kim Se Kwon,et al.Beneficial effect of chitosan-g-polyacrylamide copolymer in removal of heavy metals from industrial dye effluents[J].International Journal of Environmental Sciences,2011,1(5):820-833.
[2] AI-Abachi Mouayad Q,AI-Awady Nagam S,Al-Anbakey Ahmed Mahdi.Evaluation of poly acrylic acid(PAA) hydrogel beads as adsorbent for the removal of lead(Ⅱ)ion from water[J].Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science,2013,16(3):30-39.
[3] Azari Ali,Nabizadeh Ramin,Nasseri Simin,et al.Comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of dyes adsorption by carbon-based adsorbent materials:Classification and analysis of last decade studies[J].Chemosphere,2020,250:126238.
[4] Tan Xiaofei,Liu Yunguo,Zeng Guangming,et al.Application of biochar for the removal of pollutants from aqueous solutions[J].Chemosphere,2015,125:70-85.
[5] Liu Wujun,Jiang Hong,Yu Hanqing.Development of biochar-based functional materials:toward a sustainable platform carbon material[J].Chemical Reviews,2015,115(22):12251-12285.
[6] Inyang Mandu,Gao Bin,Yao Ying,et al.A review of biochar as a low-cost adsorbent for aqueous heavy metal removal[J].Critical Reviews in Environmental Science & Technology,2016,46(4):406-433.
[7] Zhao Jin,Yang Xiaoguang.Average amount and stability of available agro-climate resources in the main maize cropping regions in China during 1981—2010[J].Journal of Meteorological Research,2018,1:146-156.
[8] Li Yi,Chun Li,Yu Kaifeng.Preparation,characterization and electrochemical properties of mesoporous biomass carbon derived from corn stalk[J].Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities-Chinese,2018,39(4):607-613.
[9] Qiu Bingbing,Tao Xuedong,Wang Hao,et al.Biochar as a low-cost adsorbent for aqueous heavy metal removal:a review[J].Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis,2021,155:105081.
[10] Zhang Jie,Liu Jia,Liu Rongle.Effects of pyrolysis temperature and heating time on biochar obtained from the pyrolysis of straw and lignosulfonate[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,176:288-291.
[11] Teng H S,Yeh T S.Preparation of activated carbons from bituminous coals with zinc chloride activation[J].Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research,1998,37(1):58-65.
[12] Chen Youyuan,Li Peiqiang,Li Xianchi,et al.Effect of enteromorpha prolifera biochar on the adsorption characteristics and adsorption mechanisms of ammonia nitrogen in rainfall runoff[J].Huanjing Kexue,2021,42(1):274-282.
[13] Xia Dong,Tan Fen,Zhang Chuanpan,et al.ZnCl2-activated biochar from biogas residue facilitates aqueous As(Ⅲ) removal[J].Applied Surface Science,2016,377:361-369.
[14] 安强,乔卢阿里·科阿里,金琳,等.氯化锌改性玉米秸秆生物炭对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附特性研究[J].重庆大学学报,2020,43(10):104-113.
[15] Yantasee Wassana,Lin Yuehe,Alford Kentin L,et al.Electrophilic aromatic substitutions of amine and sulfonate onto fine-grained activated carbon for aqueous-phase metal ion removal[J].Separation Science and Technology,2005,39(14):3263-3279.
[16] Boa Lifang,Li Qiurong,Wang Yihan,et al.One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of thrust spherical Mg-Al layered double hydroxides/MnO2 and adsorption for Pb(Ⅱ) from aqueous solutions[J].Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering,2015,3(3):1468-1475.
[17] Zhang Wei,Song Jianyang,He Qiulai,et al.Novel pectin based composite hydrogel derived from grapefruit peel for enhanced Cu(Ⅱ) removal[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2020,384:121445.
[18] Yan L L,Liu Y,Zhang Y D,et al.ZnCl2 modified biochar derived from aerobic granular sludge for developed microporosity and enhanced adsorption to tetracycline[J].Bioresource Technology,2020,297:122381.
[19] Zhang Yaping,Yue Xiupeng,Xu Weiwei,et al.Amino modification of rice straw-derived biochar for enhancing its cadmium(Ⅱ) ions adsorption from water[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2019,379:120783.
[20] 吕景才,赵元凤.麦饭石对海水及水溶液中铜,锌吸附作用比较[J].吉林农业大学学报,1995,17(1):75-81.
[21] 李飞.农林废弃物生物炭的制备、改性及在Cd污染治理中的应用[D].南京:东南大学2018.
[22] Li Changjing,Zhang Lei,Gao Yuan,et al.Facile synthesis of nano ZnO/ZnS modified biochar by directly pyrolyzing of zinc contaminated corn stover for Pb(Ⅱ),Cu(Ⅱ) and Cr(Ⅵ) removals[J].Waste Management,2018,79:625-637.
[23] Gu Haiqi,Lin Weixiong,Sun Shuiyu,et al.Calcium oxide modification of activated sludge as a low-cost adsorbent:preparation and application in Cd(Ⅱ) removal[J].Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety,2021,209:111760.
[24] 胡俊辉.可再生壳聚糖改性生物炭材料对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2019.
[25] Wang Zhaowei,Yang Xing,Qin Tingting,et al.Efficient removal of oxytetracycline from aqueous solution by a novel magnetic clay-biochar composite using natural attapulgite and cauliflower leaves[J].Environmental Science & Pollution Research,2019,26(8):7463-7475.
[26] Sobhy M Yakout.Monitoring the changes of chemical properties of rice straw-derived biochars modified by different oxidizing agents and their adsorptive performance for organics[J].Bioremediation Journal,2015,19(2):171-182.
[27] Qin Ling,Zhou Zhiping,Dai Jiangdong,et al.Novel N-doped hierarchically porous carbons derived from sustainable shrimp shell for high-performance removal of sulfamethazine and chloramphenicol[J].Journal of the TaiWan Institute of Chemical Engineers,2016,62:228-238.
[28] Lian Fei,Cui Guannan,Liu Zhongqi,et al.One-step synthesis of a novel N-doped microporous biochar derived from crop straws with high dye adsorption capacity[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2016,176:61-68.
