以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)、聚氧化丙烯三元醇(PPG-3)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)和2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)等为原料,采用预聚体法制备了星型水性聚氨酯(SWPU)。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和核磁共振氢谱仪验证了SWPU的合成。凝胶渗透色谱测试结果表明:PPG-3的加入提高了SWPU的相对分子质量;随着PPG-3含量的增加,SWPU胶膜的接触角增大,耐水性和力学性能显著提高。当PPG-3含量为3%(摩尔分数)时,SWPU数均分子量为4440g/mol,具有优异的稳定性,制备的胶膜综合性能最佳,其接触角为64.1°,吸水率为10.3%,拉伸强度为52.7MPa,断裂伸长率为444%。通过热重分析仪和动态热机械分析仪测试胶膜的热性能,结果表明PPG-3的加入有利于提高SWPU的热稳定性和玻璃化转变温度。
Star-shaped waterborne polyurethane (SWPU) was synthesized by prepolymer method from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI),polytetrahydrofuran (PTMG),poly-propylene glycerol (PPG-3),1,4-butanediol (BDO) and 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid (DMPA).The structure of SWPU was characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectra.SWPU showed higher number-average molecular weight and weight-average molecular weight.With the increase in PPG-3 content,the water resistance and mechanical properties of WPU film were improved.When PPG-3 content was 3% (mole fraction),the number-average molecular weight of SWPU was 4440g/mol,the emulsion was stable and the obtained film showed the highest tensile strength (52.7MPa) and elongation at break (444%).Its water contact was 64.1° and water absorption rate was 10.3%.Moreover,the introduction of PPG-3 helped to improve the thermal stability and glass-transition temperature.
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