为深入认识炭黑对改性双基推进剂燃烧性能的影响,探索发现新型燃烧催化剂,分别利用扫描电子显微镜法(SEM)、激光粒度法、BET比表面积测试法对不同种类炭黑的表观特性进行了分析,并将其加入到某硝胺改性双基推进剂中,采用靶线法和差示扫描量热法(DSC)对推进剂燃烧性能进行了研究。结果表明,与未加炭黑的配方相比,炭黑的加入能大幅度提高推进剂的燃速,降低压力指数,增强铅铜复合催化剂的催化效果,加入炭黑后推进剂的两个热分解峰温均出现不同程度的降低;炭黑比表面积对推进剂的燃烧性能影响最为明显,不同比表面积的炭黑对推进剂燃烧性能的影响不同,其中N1炭黑的比表面积最大,对燃烧性能的影响最明显,在8M～16MPa压力范围内,燃速提高约为4.8～5.7mm/s,同时压力指数由0.440降低到0.253,催化性能表现优异。因此,N1炭黑是一种能显著改善硝胺改性双基推进剂燃烧性能的催化剂。
The surface characteristics of carbon black were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),laser particle size method and specific surface area test (BET).Adding different grades of carbon black to a nitramine modified double-base propellant,and tested its combustion performance and thermal decomposition performance,studied the effect of apparent performance of carbon black on propellant performance.Propellant properties were studied by target line method and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).The result shown that the specific surface area of carbon black had the greatest influence on the burning rate of propellant.Compared to a formulation without carbon black,the addition of carbon black can greatly increase the burning rate of the propellant,reduced stress index and enhanced the catalytic effect of lead-copper composite catalyst.Carbon black with different specific surface area had different effects on propellant combustion performance.Among them,N1 carbon black was the most obvious.In the pressure range of 8MPa to 16MPa,the burning rate increased by about 4.8mm/s to 5.7mm/s.At the same time,the pressure index was lowered from 0.440 to 0.253.After the addition of carbon black,the two thermal decomposition peak temperature of the propellant both decreased to different degrees.
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