以聚丙烯腈(PAN)为原料,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂,配制不同浓度(8%、10%和12%,wt,质量分数,下同)的纺丝液。采用静电纺丝技术在聚丙烯(PP)熔喷无纺布基材上沉积PAN纳米纤维,通过改变纺丝时间,得到不同厚度的复合纤维膜。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察PP基材和复合纤维膜的形貌,并对其厚度、孔径、透气性和过滤性能进行表征。结果表明:表面沉积PAN纳米纤维后,PP无纺布的过滤性能得到明显提高。尤其当质量分数为8%的PAN溶液在纺丝2h后,得到的复合纤维膜具有最好的过滤性能。其在空气流量为84L/min时,对粒径大于等于0.3μm的颗粒,过滤效率高达95.762%,其压力降仅为85Pa。
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was used as raw material and N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) was employed as solvent to prepare spinning solution with different concentrations (8wt%,10wt% and 12wt%).PAN nanofibers were deposited on polypropylene (PP) melt-blown nonwovens by electrospinning.The composite fiber membranes with different thickness were obtained by changing the spinning time.The morphologies of PP and composite fiber membranes were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM),and the thickness,pore diameter,permeability and filtration performance were characterized.The results show that the filtration performance of PP nonwoven fabric was obviously improved after the PAN nanofibers were deposited on the surface.Especially when the PAN solution with 8wt% mass fraction was spun for 2h,the composite fiber membrane exhibited the best filtration performance.When the air flow rate was 84L/min,the filtration efficiency for the particles with size of greater than or equal to 0.3μm was up to 95.762% and the pressure drop was only 85Pa.
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