PDF (2274K)
摘要
为了提高水性聚氨酯材料的耐热性、耐化学试剂性及力学性能,利用甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)作为聚氨酯预聚合的连续相,同时采用羧酸型以及磺酸型亲水扩链剂,乳化时引入反应性的亲水性纳米二氧化硅(WSiO2),通过无有机溶剂法制备了稳定的耐温水性聚氨酯-聚丙烯酸酯(WPUA)乳液。利用透射电镜、红外光谱、X射线衍射和热重等手段研究了WPUA乳液及其膜的结构和性质。结果表明:随着样品中WSiO2含量的增加,WPUA乳液的平均粒径增大,WPUA膜的光泽度下降,硬度、附着力增加,WPUA薄膜的硬度和附着力增加,拉伸强度值先上升后下降,最佳WSiO2添加量为1%。适量的WSiO2可以改善WPUA材料的耐热行为。当热分解率为50%时,WSiO2改性后WPUA的分解温度比改性前提高了39℃。WSiO2改性使WPUA的力学和耐化学试剂性也得到了改善。
Abstract
In order to improve the heat resistance,chemical reagent resistance and mechanical properties of waterborne polyurethane materials,the stable waterborne polyurethane-polyacrylate (WPUA) emulsion was prepared with methyl methacrylate (MMA) as dispersion medium by solvent-free method.Both carboxylic type and sulfonate hydrophilic chain extender were used and hydrophilic nano-silica (WSiO2) was introduced during the emulsification of polyurethane.The structure and properties of WPUA emulsions and films were characterized by TEM,FT-IR,XRD and TG.The results showed that the average particle size of WPUA emulsions increased with the increasing WSiO2 content,while the gloss of the WPUA films decreased,the hardness and adhesion increased,the tensile strength increased first and then decreased.The best addition quantity of WSiO2 was 1%.WSiO2 can improve the heat resistance of WPUA materials.compared with the WPUA without modification,the decomposition temperature of WPUA with modification by WSiO2 increased by 39℃ when the thermal decomposition rate was 50%.WSiO2 can also improve the chemical reagent resistance and mechanical properties of WPUA films.
关键词
水性聚氨酯
/
亲水SiO2
/
胶膜
/
乳液
/
稳定性
Key words
waterborne polyurethane
/
hydrophilic silica
/
film
/
emulsion
/
stability
亲水SiO2改性水性聚氨酯-聚丙烯酸酯的制备及性能[J].
化工新型材料, 2020, 48(3): 227-231 DOI:
[1] 王晓荣.功能性单体作用下环氧改性水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯无皂乳液的制备及其在水性涂料中的应用[D].西安:陕西科技大学,2015.
[2] 孙晓泽.WPU复合(转移)胶在烟包印刷的研发及应用[J].涂料技术与文摘,2014,35(11):41-44.
[3] Zhang J Y,Xu H P,Hu L,et al.Novel waterborne UV-curable hyperbranched polyurethanes acrylate/silica with good printability and rheological properties applicable to flexographic ink[J].ACS Omega,2017,2(11):7546-7558.
[4] Li P Z,Shen Y D,Yang X W,et al.Preparation of cationic fluorinated polyurethane microemulsion and its application in leather finishing[J].Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists & Chemists,2010,94(6):240-247.
[5] 周海锋.无溶剂法合成高固含量水性聚氨酯[D].广州:中山大学,2009.
[6] 陈永军,卿宁,赵燕,等.纳米二氧化硅改性水性聚氨酯分散液的制备与表征[J].涂料工业,2014,44(1):40-45.
[7] Rostami M,Ranjbar Z,Mohseni M.Investigating the interfacial interaction of different aminosilane treated nano silicas with a polyurethane coating[J].Applied Surface Science,2010,257(3):899-904.
[8] 宫米娜.软段含磺酸盐的水性聚氨酯-聚丙烯酸酯乳液的制备、结构及性能研究[D].西安:陕西科技大学,2016.
[9] Lai X J,Li X R,Wang L,et al.Synthesis and characterizations of waterborne polyurethane modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane[J].Polymer Bulletin,2010,65(1):45-57.
[10] Li X R,Wang X R,Shen Y D,et al.Synthesis and characterization of self-crosslinked polyurethane/polyacrylate composite emulsion based on carbonyl-hydrazide reaction[J].Journal of Polymer Research,2013,20(11):270.
[11] 赖小娟,李小瑞,王磊.环氧改性水性聚氨酯乳液的制备及其膜性能[J].高分子学报,2009(11):1107-1112.
[12] 赖小娟,呼早霞,沈一丁.单宁酸改性水性聚氨酯的制备及其性能[J].石油化工,2017,46(1):83-89.
[13] Lai X J,Shen Y D,Wang L.Preparation and properties of self-crosslinkable polyurethane/silane hybrid emulsion[J].Journal of Polymer Research,2011,18(6):2425-2433.
[14] Wang L,Shen Y D,Lai X J,et al.Synthesis and properties of crosslinked waterborne polyurethane[J].Journal of Polymer Research,2011,18(3):469-476.
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(51103081);陕西省青年科技新星项目(2018KJXX-023);陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(17JS012);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2017JM2028);2019年大学生创新创业训练项目(201910708048)
