以纳米多孔Ni-P涂层为催化剂模板,制备形貌良好、宏量生长的螺旋碳纤维。采用扫描电子显微镜对螺旋碳纤维进行微观形貌观察,采用X射线能量色散谱仪对纳米多孔Ni-P涂层表面进行元素分析,采用X射线衍射仪表征其物相组成。研究了反应温度、升温速率、反应气氛对螺旋碳纤维形貌及纳米多孔Ni-P涂层物相组成的影响。实验结果表明,非晶态的纳米多孔Ni-P涂层在升温过程中会形成结晶Ni相和结晶Ni3P相。随着温度的提高,用纳米多孔Ni-P涂层催化生长的螺旋碳纤维直径出现由大变小的趋势,在600℃时制备的碳纤维其螺旋形貌最佳。螺旋碳纤维的纤维直径、螺旋直径与纳米多孔Ni-P涂层中Ni(200)晶面的择优取向强度相关,这是决定螺旋碳纤维形貌的关键,Ni(200)晶面的择优取向强度越高,生长的螺旋碳纤维的纤维直径和螺旋直径越小。
Nano-porous Ni-P coating were used as catalyst templates to prepare helical carbon fibers with good morphology and macro growth.Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the micro morphology of helical carbon fibers and analysed elements on the surface of the porous Ni-P coating with energy dispersive spectroscopy.The phase composition of the porous Ni-P coating was characterized by X-ray diffraction.The effects of temperature,heating rate and reaction atmosphere on the morphology of helical carbon fiber and phase composition of nanoporous Ni-P coating were studied.Experiments shown that amorphous Ni-P coating would form crystalline Ni phase and crystalline Ni3P phase during heating process.With the increase of temperature,the diameter of the fibers catalyzed by the nano-porous Ni-P coating tended to decrease.The spiral morphology of the carbon fibers prepared at 600℃ was the best.The fibers' diameter and helical diameter of helical carbon fibers were related to the preferred orientation strength of the Ni(200) crystal plane in the nano-porous Ni-P coating,which was the key to the morphology of the helical carbon fibers.The higher the preferred orientation strength of the Ni(200) crystal plane,the smaller the fibers' diameter and the spiral diameter of the grown helical carbon fibers.
[1] Ebrahimi F,Yazdi S S,Najafabadi M H,et al.Influence of nanoporous aluminum oxide interlayer on the optical absorptance of black electroless nickel-phosphorus coating[J].Thin Solid Films,2015,592:88-93.
[2] Somasundaram S,Pillai A M,Rajendra A,et al.Space qualification and characterization of high emittance black nickel coating on copper and stainless steel substrates[J].Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells,2018,174:163-171.
[3] 方君.ABS树脂化学镀镍磷及其超黑化的工艺研究[D].上海:东华大学,2008.
[4] 李学铭,廖承菌,唐利斌,等.化学刻蚀制备黑硅材料的研究现状及展望[J].材料导报,2012,26(21):142-147.
[5] Li M,Carter R,Cohn A P,et al.Interconnected foams of helical carbon nanofibers grown with ultrahigh yield for high capacity sodium ion battery anodes[J].Carbon,2016,107:109-115.
[6] Basheer H J,Pachot C,Lafont U,et al.Low-temperature thermal CVD of superblack carbon nanotube coatings[J].Advanced Materials Interfaces,2017,4(18):1700238.
[7] Dey N K,Hong E M,Kang H C,et al.Growth of carbon nanotubes on carbon fiber by thermal CVD using Ni nanoparticles as catalysts[J].Procedia Engineering,2012,36(36):556-561.
[8] 任娇,金永中,陈建,等.低温制备螺旋纳米碳纤维的研究[J].现代化工,2017,37(11):102-105.
[9] Boncel S,Zniszczol A,Pawlyta M,et al.Heat transfer nanofluid based on curly ultra-long multi-wall carbon nanotubes[J].Heat & Mass Transfer,2018,54(2):333-339.
[10] Yan X,Gu J,Zheng G,et al.Lowly loaded carbon nanotubes induced high electrical conductivity and giant magnetoresistance in ethylene/1-octene copolymers[J].Polymer,2016,103:315-327.
[11] 孙晓岩,王锐,苏党生.纳米碳材料非金属催化的研究进展[J].催化学报,2013,34(3):508-523.
[12] Jin Y,Ren J,Chen J,et al.Controllable preparation of helical carbon nanofibers by CCVD method and their characterization[J].Materials Research Express,2017,5(1):1-7.
[13] Mukhopadhyay K,Ram K,Lal D,et al.Double helical carbon microcoiled fibers synthesis by CCVD method[J].Carbon,2005,43:2400-2402.
[14] Jian X,Jiang M,Zhou Z,et al.Gas-induced formation of Cu nanoparticle as catalyst for high-purity straight and helical carbon nanofibers[J].ACS Nano,2012,6(10):8611-8619.
[15] Jin Y Z,Yang K,Zen X G,et al.Influence of ultrasonic energy on pore structure of Ni-P ultra-black films produced by a novel blackening process[J].Applied Mechanics & Materials,2014,457-458:276-279.
[16] 金永中,杨奎,胡旭东,等.一种具有纳米孔结构的超黑涂层制备方法:中国,103276377A[P].2013-09-04.
基金资助
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51572177);四川省应用基础(重大前沿)研究项目(2017JY0157)
PDF
(6757KB)
