炭材料结构和性能的不断完善促使其应用范围不断拓展、需求量增大,煤炭等传统化石资源大幅度开采和消费导致炭材料优质原料的储量锐减、环境污染等危机凸显,环保、廉价、可再生的生物质资源为炭材料制备提供了可靠的原料保障,但生物质炭材料的性能相对于煤基炭材料还略显不足,结构特性及其应用范围还有待完善和拓展。基于此,对目前制取生物质炭材料的主要原料种类和性质、制备和改性方法及其应用领域进行了综述,重点描述了生物质炭材料在不同行业中的特色功能性应用,并提出生物质制备炭材料的研究应该重点关注其物理强度的提高等方面。
The continuous improvement of carbon material's structure and performance has led to the constantly expansion of its application and the increasing demand.The sharp reduction in the reserves of high-quality raw materials as carbon materials has resulted from the substantial exploitation and consumption of traditional fossil resources,such as coal.It is necessary to provide reliable raw materials which are environmentally friendly,cheap and renewable biomass resources for the preparation of carbon materials in order to solve energy shortage and environmental pollution.However,the performance of biomass carbon materials is slightly poorer than that of coal-based carbon materials.The structural characteristics and the expansion of its application range have to be improved.Based on these issues,the main raw material types and properties,preparation process and modification methods as well as the application fields of biomass carbon materials at present were reviewed.The functional applications of biomass carbon materials in different industries were mainly described.It was suggested that the research of the preparation of carbon materials from biomass should be focused on the improvement of its physical strength.
[1] Hu B,Wang K,Wu L H,et al.Engineering carbon materials from the hydrothermal carbonization process of biomass[J].Advanced Materials,2010,22(7):813-828.
[2] 王学川,王晓芹,强涛涛.生物质废弃物资源化利用研究进展[J].现代化工,2015,35(8):63-66.
[3] Hameed B H,Rahman A A.Removal of phenol from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from biomass material[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2008,160(2):576-581.
[4] Tseng R L,Tseng S K.Pore structure and adsorption performance of the KOH-activated carbonsprepared from corncob[J].Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2005,287(2):428-437.
[5] Onal Y,Akmil-Basar C,Sarici-Ozdemir C,et al.Textural development of sugar beet bagasse activated with ZnCl2[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2007,142(1-2):138-143.
[6] Hu Z,Srinivasan M P.Preparation of high-surface-area activated carbons from coconut shell[J].Microporous & Mesoporous Materials,1999,27(1):11-18.
[7] 曲健林,韩敏,张秀丽,等.棉杆活性炭负载Co-B催化剂催化硼氢化钠水解制氢的性能[J].化工学报,2015,66(1):105-113.
[8] Kastner J R,Miller J,Geller D P,et al.Catalyticesterification of fatty acids using solid acid catalysts generated frombiochar and activated carbon[J].Catalysis Today,2012,190(1):122-132.
[9] Chen B,Chen Z.Sorption of naphthalene and 1-naphthol by biochars of orange peels with different pyrolytic temperatures[J].Chemosphere,2009,76(1):127-133.
[10] Nowicki P,Wachowska H,Pietrzak R.Active carbons prepared by chemical activation of plum stones and their application in removal of NO2[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,181(1-3):1088-1094.
[11] Chen F,Yang J,Bai T,et al.Biomass waste-derived honeycomb-like nitrogen and oxygen dual-doped porous carbon for high performance lithium-sulfur batteries[J].Electrochimica Acta,2016,192:99-109.
[12] Cheng B H,Tian K,Zeng R J,et al.Preparation of high performance supercapacitor materials by fast pyrolysis of corn gluten meal waste[J].Sustainable Energy & Fuels,2017,1:891-898.
[13] Tan I A W,Hameed B H,Ahmad A L.Equilibrium and kinetic studies on basic dye adsorption by oil palm fibre activated carbon[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2007,127(1):111-119.
[14] Alonso D M,Wettstein S G,Dumesic J A.Bimetallic catalysts for upgrading of biomass to fuels and chemicals[J].Chemical Society Reviews,2012,41(24):8075-8098.
[15] Meryemoglu B,Irmak S,Hasanoglu A.Production of activated carbon materials from kenaf biomass to be used as catalyst support in aqueous-phase reforming process[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2016,151:59-63.
[16] Skodras G,Diamantopoulou I,Zabaniotou A,et al.Enhanced mercury adsorption in activated carbons from biomass materials and waste tires[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2007,88(8):749-758.
[17] 梁吉雷,吴明铂,刘以红,等.生物质水热合成炭微球研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2011,39(4):6-9.
[18] 肖建军,黄卫东.以生物质为碳源的微生物燃料电池研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2013,41(4):19-20.
[19] Fan Y,Yang X,Zhu B,et al.Micro-mesoporous carbon spheres derived from carrageenan as electrode material for supercapacitors[J].Journal of Power Sources,2014,268(3):584-590.
[20] Bamdad H,Hawboldt K,Macquarrie S.A review on common adsorbents for acid gases removal:focus on biochar[J].Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews,2018,81:1705-1720.
[21] Ioannidou O,Zabaniotou A.Agricultural residues as precursors for activated carbon production-a review[J].Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews,2007,11(9):1966-2005.
[22] Molina-Sabio M,Gonzalez M T,Rodriguez-Reinoso F,et al.Effect of steam and carbon dioxide activation in the micropore size distribution of activated carbon[J].Carbon,1996,34(4):505-509.
[23] Ahmad M A,Daud W M A W,Aroua M K.Adsorption kinetics of various gases in carbon molecular sieves (CMS) produced from palm shell[J].Colloids & Surfaces A Physicochemical & Engineering Aspects,2008,312(2-3):131-135.
[24] Guo J,Lua A C.Characterization of adsorbent prepared from oil-palm shell by CO2,activation for removal of gaseous pollutants[J].Materials Letters,2002,55(5):334-339.
[25] Carrott P J M,Suha S,Carrott M M L R,et al.Reactivity and porosity development during pyrolysis and physical activation in CO2,or steam of kraft and hydrolytic lignins[J].Journal of Analytical & Applied Pyrolysis,2008,82(2):264-271.
[26] Khezami L,Ould-Dris A,Capart R.Activated carbon from thermo-compressed wood and other lignocellulosic precursors[J].Bioresources,2007,2(2):193-209.
[27] Youssef A M,Radwan N R E,Abdel-Gawad I,et al.Textural properties of activated carbons from apricot stones[J].Colloids & Surfaces A Physicochemical & Engineering Aspects,2005,252(2-3):143-151.
[28] Muno-Zgonzalez Y,Arriagada-Acuna R,Soto-Garrido G,et al.Activated carbons from peach stones and pine sawdust by phosphoric acid activation used in clarification and decolorization processes[J].Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology Biotechnology,2009,84(1):39-47.
[29] Molina-Sabio M,Rodriiguez-Reinoso F.Role of chemical activation in the development of carbon porosity[J].Colloids & Surfaces A Physicochemical & Engineering Aspects,2004,241(1-3):15-25.
[30] Ahmadpour A,Do D D.The preparation of activated carbon from macadamia nutshell by chemical activation[J].Carbon,1997,35(12):1723-1732.
[31] Lee B O,Woo W J,Kim M S.EMI shielding effectiveness of carbon nanofiber filled poly (vinyl alcohol) coating materials[J].Macromolecular Materials and Engineering,2001,286(2):114-118.
[32] Budinova T,Ekinci E,Yardim F,et al.Characterization and application of activated carbon produced by H3PO4 and water vapor activation[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2006,87:899-905.
[33] 杨晓霞,张亚婷,杨伏生,等.物理-化学耦合活化法制煤基活性炭[J].煤炭转化,2009,32(2):66-70.
[34] Xiong X,Yu I,Cao L,et al.A review of biochar-based catalysts for chemical synthesis,biofuel production,and pollution control[J].Bioresource Technology,2017,246:254-270.
[35] Nunes C A,Guerreiro M C.Estimation of surface area and pore volume of activatedcarbons by methylene blue and iodine numbers[J].Quim Nova,2011,34:472-476.
[36] 李子龙,马双枫,王栋,等.活性炭吸附水中金属离子和有机物吸附模式和机理的研究[J].环境科学与管理,2009,34(10):88-92.
[37] Klasson K T,Boihem J L L,Uchimiy A M,et al.Influence of biochar pyrolysis temperature and post-treatment on the uptake of mercury from flue gas[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2014,123:27-33.
[38] Zhao Y M,Cui Y P,Shi J,et al.Two-dimensional biomass-derived carbon nanosheets and MnO/carbon electrodes for high-performance Li-ion capacitors[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2017,5(29):15243-15252.
[39] Wang S,Xiao C,Xing Y,et al.Carbon nanofibers/nanosheets hybrid derived from cornstalks as sustainable anode for Li-ion batteries[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2015,3(13):6742-6746.
[40] Zhou X,Chen F,Bai T,et al.Interconnected highly graphitic carbon nanosheets derived from wheat stalk as high performance anode materials for lithium ion batteries[J].Green Chemistry,2016,18(7):2078-2088.
[41] Tao X Y,Zhang J T,Xia Y,et al.Bio-inspired fabrication of carbon nanotiles for high performance cathode of Li-S batteries[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2014,2(7):2290-2296.
[42] Gaddam R R,Yang D F,Narayan R,et al.Biomass derived carbon nanoparticle as anodes for high performance sodium and lithium ion batteries[J].Nano Energy,2016,26:346-352.
[43] Ding J,Wang H,Li Z,et al.Peanut shell hybrid sodium ion capacitor with extreme energy-power rivals lithium ion capacitors[J].Energy & Environmental Science,2015,8(3):941-955.
[44] Rufford T E,Hulicova-Jurcakova D,Khosla K,et al.Microstructure and electrochemical double-layer capacitance of carbon electrodes prepared by zinc chloride activation of sugar cane bagasse[J].Journal of Power Sources,2010,195(3):912-918.
[45] Toupin M,Brousse T,Belanger D.Charge storage mechanism of MnO2 electrode used in aqueous electrochemical capacitor[J].Chemistry of Materials,2004,16(16):3184-3190.
[46] Wan C,Li J.Wood-derived biochar supported polypyrrole nanoparticles as a free-standing supercapacitor electrode[J].Rsc Advances,2016,6:6-11.
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(21506142);国家863计划项目(2015AA050503)
PDF
(1212KB)
