为了改善碳纳米管的产量和质量,改变催化剂的组成是一个重要的途径。在热解火焰法制备碳纳米管实验中,主要对比了催化剂中铁和镍含量对碳纳米管质量和产量的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱和透射电子显微镜等方法对生成的碳纳米管进行系统分析表征,结果表明Fe含量较低时,得到的碳纳米管质量较好,但产量很少;Fe含量较高时,得到的碳纳米管产量较高,但杂质会明显增加,石墨化程度明显下降。实验发现,当催化剂中各元素物质的量比Fe∶Mo∶Al=1∶0.17∶16时碳管的综合质量最好。在铁基催化剂Fe/Mo/Al2O3中加入少量Ni会提高碳纳米管的质量,但是若Ni过量碳纳米管的质量反而会下降,当Fe/Ni-Mo/Al2O3中元素的物质的量比Fe∶Ni∶Mo∶Al=1∶0.5∶0.17∶16时,合成的碳纳米管的产量较高、质量较好,且具有更好的定向性。
In order to improve the yield and quality of carbon nanotubes,it is an important way to change the composition of catalyst。 In the experiment of carbon nanotubes prepared by pyrolysis flame method,the effect of the content of iron and nickel on the quality and yield of CNTs in the catalyst were compared.The resulting CNTs were systematically characterized through SEM,Raman and TEM.The results showed that the quality of CNTs was better when the content of Fe was low,but the yield was very little.When the content of Fe was high,the yield of CNTs was higher,but the impurity in CNTs will increase obviously,and the graphitization degree of CNTs will decrease evidently.Therefore the overall quality of CNTs was the best when Fe∶Mo∶Al=1∶0.17∶16 in catalyst.Adding a small amount of Ni to the iron based catalyst-Fe/Mo/Al2O3 will improve the quality of CNTs,but the quality of CNTs will decrease after Ni overdose.When the ratio of elements in Fe/Ni-Mo/Al2O3 was Fe∶Ni∶Mo∶Al=1∶0.5∶0.17∶16,the yield of CNTs in synthetic products was higher,quality was better and its orientation was better.
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基金资助
国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAA04B02)
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