膨润土具有良好的物理性能和化学稳定性,具有广泛的用途,被誉为“万能石”,一些学者尝试将其运用于电力行业,但因其电阻率较大而不适用。而制备出一种低电阻率的磺化聚苯胺(SPAN)改性钙基膨润土复合材料,使其在电力领域运用成为可能。采用插层聚合法制备导电SPAN-钙基膨润土复合材料,并通过正交法优化苯胺(An)加入量、反应时间、反应温度3个制备工艺参数。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、四点探针对钙基膨润土和SPAN-钙基膨润土复合材料进行微结构组织和性能表征。制备SPAN-钙基膨润土复合材料的最佳工艺方案为:An加入质量分数为50%,反应时间为16h,反应温度为0℃。反应时间对复合材料的性能影响较为显著。与钙基膨润土相比,SPAN-钙基膨润土复合材料的微观组织更均匀,晶面间距较大,电阻率下降了5个数量级,测得电阻率是1Ω·mm。
Bentonite,known as “Universal Stone”,has been widely used in manufacturing industries due to its good physical properties and chemical stability.An attempt to apply it in the power industry by some scholars is not work because of its big resistivity.A kind of low resistivity material namely sulfonated polyaniline (SPAN) modified calcium based bentonite composite material was prepared,which make it possible to be used in the power sector.Calcium matrix bentonite composites modified by conductive sulfonated polyaniline (SPAN) were synthesized by intercalated polymerization technology,meantime,the orthogonal method was also applied to optimize some parameters as mass fraction of aniline (An),reaction time and reaction temperature.The microstructure and mechanical properties of calcium matrix bentonite and calcium matrix bentonite composites modified by SPAN were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM),infrared spectrum (FT-IR),X-ray diffraction (XRD),and four-point probe respectively.The results showed that the optimum technological process was that polyaniline 50%(wt),the reaction time 16h and the reaction temperature 0℃.Reaction time has more significant impact on the performance of the composites than that of other parameters.Compared with the calcium matrix bentonite,the microstructure of calcium matrix bentonite composites modified by SPAN was more homogeneous,interplanar spacing was larger,the resistivity dropped five orders of magnitude,and resistivity was only 1Ω·mm.
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基金资助
国网江西省电力科学院资助项目(SGTYHT/14-JS-190)
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