以废弃水稻秸秆为原料,采用氢氧化钠、双氧水对秸秆进行预处理,再以SiO2颗粒、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷为表面改性剂对秸秆进行表面改性,使其具备良好的疏水和亲油特性。利用扫描电镜、红外光谱、热重及润湿角测试仪对改性前后水稻秸秆显微组织形貌及性能进行分析,探究了材料表面改性机理,并以机油、食用油、石油醚、二甲苯等有机污染物进行材料宏观吸附性能测定。结果表明:经表面改性后的秸秆材料表现出良好的疏水性,润湿角达到148.9°,吸附有机物的吸附量明显增加,在处理有机水体污染时表现出良好的选择吸附性。
Based on rice straw,the hydrophobic/lipophilic material was prepared by surface modification method by using sodium hydroxide,hydrogen peroxide and vinyl triethoxysilane.The structures of raw rice straw,pretreated rice straw and modified rice straw were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),fourier transform infrared (FT-IR),thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and contact-angle (CA) measurements,and the oil absorption effect and selective adsorption for organic water pollution were studied.The results showed that the modified materials exhibited a mild wetting angle of above 148.9°,and the maximum adsorption capacity to various oils and organic solvents was improved greatly.Furthermore,the modified rice straw performed excellent selective adsorption for organic water pollution.Therefore,the low cost modified rice straw had great potential for the better utilization of agricultural residues as natural sorbents for the clean-up of organic water pollution.
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