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化工新型材料  2018, Vol. 46 Issue (7): 34-39    
  综述与专论 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
锂离子电池硅-碳负极材料的研究进展
朱瑞, 邓卫斌, 李军, 廉培超, 谢德龙*, 梅毅*
昆明理工大学化学工程学院,云南省高校磷化工重点实验室,昆明650500
Research progress of silicon-carbon cathode material for lithium ionic battery
Zhu Rui, Deng Weibin, Li Jun, Lian Peichao, Xie Delong, Mei Yi
Faculty of Chemical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650500;
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摘要 硅基负极材料因具有较高的理论储锂容量,将替代传统的石墨负极材料成为下一代锂离子电池最有前景的负极材料之一。然而,硅作为负极材料体积膨胀率(可达到300%)大、导电率低、易被电解液分解产生的HF腐蚀,这些缺点限制了其在商业应用中的发展。碳具有稳定性高、导电性好、价格低、来源广等优点,但其理论储锂容量较低,仅约为硅的1/10。为解决锂离子电池硅材料存在的问题,目前主要采用将硅与碳进行复合的办法,制备出储电量高、导电性好、循环性能优异的硅-碳复合负极材料。重点从硅碳复合结构和制备方法两个方面阐述了硅-碳复合负极材料的研究进展,认为“鸡蛋”结构能够有效地提高循环性能和安全性能,但是目前仍然不能够规模化生产。最后提出研究发展思路,应用胶体颗粒共凝胶法设计制备了一种特殊的硅-碳复合核壳结构。
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朱瑞
邓卫斌
李军
廉培超
谢德龙
梅毅
关键词:  锂离子电池  纳米硅-碳复合材料  负极  复合结构  制备方法    
Abstract: Silicon-based cathode materials have become one of the most promising lithium ion cathode materials for the next generation Li-ion batteries to substitute traditional graphite cathode because of high theoretical lithium storage capacity.However,silicon as a negative material,the large volume expansion (up to 300%),the low conductivity and the corrodibility which could react with HF from the electrolyte,those all limit its development in commercial applications.Carbon has the advantages such as high stability,good conductivity,low price,wide source and so on.But the theoretical capacity of carbon storage is low,only about one tenth of that of silicon.In order to solve the problems of lithium ion battery silicon material,the main method is to combine silicon and carbon to produce silicon-carbon composite cathode with high storage capacity,good conductivity and excellent cyclicity.The thesis set forth the research process of silicon-carbon composite cathode materials which was mainly from two aspects that silicon-carbon composite structure and preparation methods.The scientists think that “egg” structure can effectively improve the cycle and safety performance,but it was still not able to go into mass production.Finally,the thesis putted forward some ideas of mine and development of the project group:design a special kind of silicon-carbon composite with core-shell structure using colloide particles with gel technique.
Key words:  lithium ionic battery    nano silicon-carbon composite    negative electrode    composite structure    preparation method
收稿日期:  2018-03-02                出版日期:  2018-07-20      发布日期:  2018-08-07      期的出版日期:  2018-07-20
基金资助: 国家自然科学地区基金(21663015);国家自然科学青年基金(51603096)
通讯作者:  谢德龙,男,教授,主要从事胶体科学与工程基础及应用研究。梅毅,男,教授,主要从事磷化工先进技术的开发与应用研究。   
作者简介:  朱瑞(1992-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事锂离子电池硅碳复合负极材料的制备及其应用研究。
引用本文:    
朱瑞, 邓卫斌, 李军, 廉培超, 谢德龙, 梅毅. 锂离子电池硅-碳负极材料的研究进展[J]. 化工新型材料, 2018, 46(7): 34-39.
Zhu Rui, Deng Weibin, Li Jun, Lian Peichao, Xie Delong, Mei Yi. Research progress of silicon-carbon cathode material for lithium ionic battery. New Chemical Materials, 2018, 46(7): 34-39.
链接本文:  
http://www.hgxx.org/CN/  或          http://www.hgxx.org/CN/Y2018/V46/I7/34
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